482 GEOLOGICAL 5URVEY OF CANADA. 



times rears its young on lofty mountains. A friend of mine found 

 the nest on the Grampian mountains in Invernessshire, Scotland. 

 {Rev. C. J. Young.) Winter migrant at Toronto, Ont., usually 

 abundant. Abundant in the winter in the Parry sound and Muskoka 

 districts; the last leave for the north soon after the ist of May, and 

 some are back by the ist of October. (/. H. Fleming.) A winter 

 visitor at Guelph, Ont. {A. B. Klugh.) An abundant winter 

 resident at Penetanguishene, Ont, {A. F. Young.) In lat. 45°, 

 Ontario, these birds occasionally remain until May ist and then 

 have practically assumed their full plumage. {W. E. Saunders.) 



Very abundant in early spring; fall and winter resident in Mani- 

 toba. First seen in Great Slave lake region on the large central 

 island of Clinton-Golden lake, Aug. 11, 1907; old ones with young 

 of the year. After that, while we were going northward others 

 were seen, evidently on their breeding grounds but it was not a 

 common species. {E. T. Seton.) Abundant in winter at Aweme, 

 Man. (Criddle.) An abundant winter resident in Manitoba, re- 

 mains in the fields until the middle of May. (Atkinson.) Very 

 abundant in the spring and fall migrations at Indian Head, Sask. ; 

 a few at Egg lake, near Peace river lat. 56°, August 30th, and at 

 Lesser Slave lake, September 5th, 1903; on McLeod river northwest 

 of Edmonton, Alta., saw three on October 2nd, 1898, and hundreds 

 of them on the shore of Lake Ste. Anne, October 12th; very common 

 at Banff in winter and doubtless eastward to Manitoba; seen at 

 Revelstoke, B.C., April 9th, 1890, disappeared on the nth. (Spread- 

 borough.) This neat and elegant bird breeds in the northernmost 

 of the American islands, and on all the shores of the continent, 

 from Chesterfield inlet to Behring strait. The most southerly 

 breeding place recorded is Southampton island in lat. 62°, where 

 Captain Lyons found a nest placed in the bosom of the corpse of an 

 Eskimo child. (Richardson.) North to Fort Good Hope on the 

 Mackenzie; abundant. (Ross.) On the 8th July, 1864, a nest of 

 this species was discovered in a small hole in a sand bank at least 

 two feet from the entrance along the shores of Franklin bay. The 

 parent was snared on the nest. (Macfarlane.) The snowfiake is 

 very abundant every winter, near Prince Albert, Sask. It arrives 

 as soon as the cold and the snow appear, usually about the middle 

 of October, and remains as long as the weather is cold and bad. 

 (Coubeaux.) Observed at Sumas, British Columbia. (Lord.) 



