220 SINGING BIRDS. 



Mr. Neilson thinks it uncommon near Dornald, Quebec, and 

 says he never sees a specimen later than June ist. Dr. Wheaton 

 has reported it as a common migrant through Ohio, but it is re- 

 ported rare in Ontario. Nuttall's statement, borrowed from Wilson, 

 that some remained in Pennsylvania during the breeding season, 

 has not been confirmed by more recent observations. 



In habits this species stands peculiar. Unlike other Dendroicce^ 

 it nests on the ground, and unlike most other Warblers, shows a 

 strong preference for fields and road-sides, where it may be found 

 hopping along with the Sparrows, and flirting its tail like a Titlark. 



The song is a very simple affair, — a few sweet notes. 



Note. — The Palm Warbler {Dendrotca pabnaruni) differs 

 from hypochrysea in being smaller and much duller colored. It 

 breeds in Manitoba and northward, and winters in the Southern 

 States. A few examples have been seen in the Eastern States. 



Audubon's Warbler {Dendrotca auduboni\ though a bird of 

 the Western Plains, has a right to mention here through examples 

 having been taken in Massachusetts and Pennsylvania. 



YELLOW WARBLER. 



summer yellow bird. summer warbler. 



Dendroica estiva. 



Char. Male : general color golden yellow, upper parts tinged with 

 olive ; breast and sides streaked with orange brown. Female : similar, 

 but upper parts with deeper tinge of olive, and under parts with less 

 streaks. Length 4^ to 5^4^ inches. 



Nest. On a bush or low tree, in a garden or open pasture ; gracefully 

 formed and compactly woven, of various vegetable fibres, — grass, stems, 

 etc., — usually lined with hair or plant down, sometimes with feathers. 



Eggs. 3-5 ; dull white or greenish white, marked chiefly around the 

 larger end with brown and lilac ; 0.65 X 0.45. 



This very common and brilliant summer species is found in 

 all parts of the American continent, from the confines of the 

 Arctic circle to Florida and Texas, as well as Oregon and the 

 Rocky Mountains, where it spends the mild season. About 

 the middle of March I already heard the song amidst the 



