782 MICHIGAN BIRD LIFE. 



Setaceous. Bristly, bristled. 



Shaft. The mid-rib or horny axis of a feather, especially the solid part. 



Sides. The lateral areas of the lower surface of a bird's body, extending 

 from the axilla to, and including, the flanks. 



Sinuate. Applied to a feather whose edge is cut away less aljruptly 

 than when emarginate. 



Slate-color. A dark gray, or blackish gray color, less bluish in tint 

 than plumbeous or lead-color (Ridgway). 



Speculum. A mirror-like, metallic, or brightl}- colored area on the wing 

 of certain ducks. (Fig. 13, p. 78.) 



Spurious. Rudimentary. 



Spurious Primary. The first primary, when very small. Usually also 

 misplaced, that is ])laced on the inner side of the wing, under the next 

 primary. 



Streak. A narrow color-mark, running lengthwise of the bird or feather. 



Stripe. A broad color mark running lengthwise of Ijird or feather. 



Sub-caudal. Under the tail. 



Sub-orbital. Below the eye. 



Sub-species. Usually a geographical race, or form ; perhaps an incipient 

 species. 



Sulphur Yellow. A very pale pure yellow color, less orange in tint than 

 dilute gamboge or lemon-yellow (Ridgway). 



Superciliary. Above the eye. A superciliar}- streak usually extends 

 from the base of the upper mandible over the eye, and backward above 

 the ear-coverts to the sides of the occiput. 



Superior. Upper; topmost or uppermost. 



Supraloral. Above the lores. 



Supra-orbital. Above the eye. 



Tail-coverts. The hindmost body feathers; those which cover the 

 base of the tail, above and below. 



Tarsus. The leg of a bird, from the toes to the hoel joint; the shank. 



Tawny. The color of tanned leather. 



Terminal. At the end or tip. 



Tertials, tertiaries. The inner secondaries, especially when of different 

 color, size, or shape, from the rest. 



Throat. The upper part of the foreneck, not including the chin. 



Tibia. The section of the leg next above the tarsus; the "drumstick" 

 of a fowl. 



Tibial. Belonging to the tibia. 



Tomia. The cutting-edges of the mandibles. 



Transverse. Crosswise, or at right angles to the axis of the body or 

 feather. 



Truncate. Cut squarely off. 



Under-parts. The entire lower surface of a bird, from chin to vent. 

 (Same as lower-parts.) 



Under Tail-coverts. The feathers covering the base of the tail below. 



Under Wing-coverts. The coverts of the under surface of the wing; 

 the wing-lining. 



Upper-parts. The entire upper surface, from forehead to tail. 



Upper tail-coverts. The feathers overlying the base of the tail above. 



Vane. The whole of a feather excepting the shaft and quill; the web. 



Vent. The anus. 



