474 MICHIGAN BIRD LIFE, 



sides very narrowly, or sparsely, or not at all, streaked; under tail coverts with darker 

 shaft-streaks narrow and indistinct, or sometimes altogether wanting; inner webs of tail- 

 feathers very broadly edged with white; plumage in general very light, with whitish or 

 light grayish prevailing on upper parts, the lower parts almost entirely white; adult males 

 with chest and sides of breast merely tinged with delicate peach-blossom pink. 



" Length about 5.50 to 6.50 inches. Male : Wing 3.35 to 3.45; tail 2.70 to 2.85; exposed 

 culmen .32 to .37; depth of bill at base .30 to .32; tarsus .62 to .70. Female: Wing 3.25 

 to 3.35 inches; tail 2.65 to 2.80; bill same as in male; tarsus .62 to .68" (Ridgway). 



212. Hoary RedpolL Acanthis hornemanni exilipes {Coues). (527a) 



Synonyms: Mealy Redpoll, American Mealy Redpoll.- — ^giothus exilipes, Coues, 

 186). — Fringilla borealis, Aud., 1839. — ^giothus canescens var. exilipes, Ridgw., 1874. 



Similar to the preceding, but smaller. 



Distribution. — Arctic America and northeastern Asia, south in winter 

 to the northern border of the United States. 



This subspecies is included in Stockwell's ("Archer") list in Forest and 

 Stream (VII, 18, 276), and in Covert's list in the same publication, but the 

 only Michigan specimen we have been able to locate is a male in the High 

 School museum at Sault Ste. Marie, collected there December 7, 1899, 

 b}^ Mr. Ralph Endress, and identified by the Division of Biological Survey, 

 U. S. Department of Agriculture (Letter from W. P. Melville). According 

 to Kumlien and Hollister (Birds of Wisconsin, p. 92) this form was tolerably 

 common in Dunn county, Wis., from January to March, 1896, and has been 

 found several times in other northern counties in that state. It is said 

 they may be readily recognized in flocks of the common Redpoll by their 

 lighter color. Although lighter than the common Redpoll they are darker 

 than the Greenland Redpoll. 



TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION. 



Precisely like the preceding, according to Ridgway, except for size, the present subspecies 

 averaging smaller, and with proportionally smaller and more acute bill. 



"Length 4.50 to 5.25 inches. Male: Wing 2.95 to 3.10 inches; tail 2.50 to 2.55; 

 exposed culmen .30; depth of bill at base .22 to .25; tarsus .52 to .58. Female: Wing 

 2.80 to 3.05; tail 2.30 to 2.60; exposed culmen .28 to .32; deptii of bill at base .20 to .25; 

 tarsus .50 to .57" (Ridg%vay). 



213. Redpoll. Acanthis linaria linaria (Linn.). (528) 



Synonyms: Common Redpoll, Lesser Redpoll. — Fringilla linaria, Linn., 1758, also of 

 Wilson, Nuttall and Audubon. — Acanthis linaria, Bonap., Stejn., A. O. U. Check-list, 

 1886, etc. — jEgiothus linaria, Baird, Coues, Ridgw. and many others. — Linaria minor, 

 Aud., 1839. 



Figure 112. 



About the size of the Hoar}^ Redpoll, but decidedly darker, the rump 

 never white and the under tail-coverts always distinctly streaked (Ridgw.). 



Distribution. — Northern portions of the northern Hemisphere, south in 

 winter pretty regularly to the northern United States, and occasionally 

 to the middle states (Virginia, southern Ohio and Indiana, Kansas). 



This is the common Redpoll which appears frequently in November 

 in large or small flocks and remains until March. Our earliest fall record 



