584 MICHIGAN BIRD LIFK. 



and rich moist woodlands, where it appears to have essentially the same 

 habits as its near relative the Golden-winged Warbler. Trombley records 

 a single specimen seen at Petersburg May 10, 1897, and Dr. Gibbs states 

 that A. E. Chambers of Kalamazoo secured a specimen there May 5, 1879. 

 There are two records for Wayne county, a pair seen by J. Claire Wood, 

 May 29, 1902, and a male taken by the same collector, in Ecorse tow^nship, 

 May 9, 1906. Mrs. Robt. Campbell also reports seeing one at Jackson 

 May 18, 1906. Mr. S. E. White furnishes the northernmost record, as 

 follows: "On Sunday July 1, 1889 [on Mackinac Island] I saw a fine male 

 of this species in an evergreen tree. He permitted the closest scrutiny, 

 sometimes approaching within a few feet of my head in a search for food. 

 I could not find him again the next day" (Birds of Mackinac Island, Auk, 

 X, 1893, 227). There are also two records for Ann Arbor, Washtenaw 

 county, one a female taken May 1, 1896, and now in the University collec- 

 tion, the other a male in Mr. Norman A. Wood's collection, taken May 6, 

 1904. The Blue- winged Warbler occurs in Stockwell's Forest and Stream 

 list (Vol. VIII, p. 261) where it is stated that it is a "frequent visitor in 

 southern Michigan and has been seen as far north as Genesee county," a 

 statement which hardly seems warranted by the facts. 



The nest is placed on the ground and is similar to that of the Golden- 

 winged Warbler. The eggs are three to five, white, finely dotted with 

 brown, and average .60 by .48 inches. 



TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION. 



Adult male: Entire under parts from chin to vent rich golden yellow; under tail- 

 coverts white; forehead and crown yellow like the breast, but often somewhat obscured 

 by olive tips; remainder of tlie head, back and rump, rich olive-green; wings and tail 

 slate-gray margined witli bluish-ash, the outer tail-feathers (three pairs) with large white 

 spots on the inner webs; two white or yellowish-white wing bars of variable width; lores 

 and line behind the eye black or blackish. Female similar, but somewhat duller, the 

 wing-bars and black markings of the head less conspicuous. 



Length 4 to 5 inches; wing 2.40 to 2.50; tail about 2. 



White-throated Warbler. Vermivora leucobronchialis {Brewst.). 



Synonyms: Brewster's Warbler. — Helminthophaga leucobrochialis, Brewster, 1874, 

 and others. — Helminthophila leucobronchialis, Palmer, 1885, A. (). U. Check -list, 1880. 

 • — Helminthophaga gunnii, Gibbs. 



Similar to the Blue-winged Warbler, the throat silky white and breast more or less 

 tinged with yellow; wing-bars often bright yellow. Distribution probably identical 

 with that of the Blue-winged Warbler, of which this probably should be considered only 

 a variant. 



Apparently there are but two records of this bird for the state, one taken by W. A. 

 Gunn, May 25, 1879, near Grand Rapids, but in Ottawa county (Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, 

 IV, 1879, 125), and the other taken by N. A. Wood, at Ann Arbor, May 18, 1902 (Auk, 



XIX, 1902, 401). 



This is a doubtful form which has been the occasion of much speculation for the last 

 twenty years. For a time it was believed to be a hybrid between the Blue-winged and 

 Golden-winged Warblers, but the latest verdict seems to be as given by Dr. Bisliop (Auk, 



XX, 1905, 24). "Tiie conclusion seems to me to be irresistable that H. leucohronchialis 

 is merely a leucochroic phase of //. pinus, which from its appearing frequently only 

 within a very limited area, may in time become a si^ecies." 



In general habits and song this species docs not differ noticeably from the Blue-winged 

 Warbler. 



TECHNICAL DESCKIPTION. 



"Adult male: Forehead, and fore part of the crown yellow, a black line from the bill 

 through the eye; rest of the upper parts bluish gray; wing-bars broadly yellow; tail like 

 the back, tlirce to four outer featliers marked with wiiite; under parts pure wliite, faintly 



