BIRDS OP NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA 281 



neck buffy hair brown; breast feathers hair brown with narrow whitish 

 shafts terminally broadening into round spots and subterminally crossed 

 by fuscous transverse spots ; feathers of sides similar ; rest of underparts 

 white with a faint grayish buffy tinge, barred with faint dull olive-brown ; 

 the posterior underparts more heavily washed with buffy than the more 

 anterior areas. 



Natal dozvn. — General color above light buff tinged with pale cinnamon- 

 buff; a lengthwise patch of pale snuff brown on the middle of the fore- 

 head ; center of crown and occiput snuff brown bordered by blackish ; a 

 spot of pale snuff brown on the auriculars ; a longitudinal fuscous line 

 on each side of the spinal tract, paralleled by a similar pair on the sides 

 of the back, the spinal tract itself becoming more and more tinged with 

 pale hazel posteriorly; a semitransverse humeral line of blackish brown 

 and two incomplete transverse bands of the same on each wing; below 

 dull white, tinged with pale buff on the breast, flanks, thighs, and vent. 



Adult 'umlc.—Wmg 106-117 (110.6); tail 83.8-99.5 (89.2); culmen 

 from base 14.8-16.0 (15.1) ; tarsus 31.5-34.5 (32.9) ; middle toe without 

 claw 25-30 (27.4 mm.)."^" 



Adult female— Wing 105-111.5 (107.8) ; tail 79-88.5 (83.8) ; culmen 

 from base 14-16 (14.8) ; tarsus 28.5-32.5 (30.4) ; middle toe without 

 claw 24-28 (26 mm.).^i 



Range. — Resident in the semiarid interior of California from the 

 Oregon line south to central San Diego County; in the coastal belt from 

 just south of San Francisco Bay to San Diego, and east to extreme 

 western Nevada. Oregon occurrences are apparently due to introductions. 

 Introduced into Hawaii, Utah, Arizona (native?), and New Mexico 

 (Santa Fe County). 



Type locality. — Monterey, Calif. 



Tctrao californicus Shaw, Nat. Misc., ix, 1798, pi. 345 (California; San Francisco 

 or Monterey ?). 



Callipepla californica Newberry, Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., vi, pt. 4, 1857, 92 part 

 (Sacramento Valley; Willamette Valley). — Heermann, Rep. Pacific R. R. 

 Surv., X, pt. 4, No. 2, 1859, 60, part (chiefly; s. to Vallecito; habits). — American 

 Ornithologists' Union, Check-list, ed. 2, 1895, 109, part. 



C[allipepla] californica Reichenow, Die Vogel, i, 1913, 318. 



Lophortyx californica Nuttall, Man. Orn. United States and Canada, Land Birds, 

 ed. 2, 1840, 789, part. — Cooper and Suckley, Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., xii, book 2, 

 pt. 3, 1860, 225, part.— Belding, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., i, 1879, 439 (valleys and 

 foothills, and w. slope of Sierra Nevada; habits). — Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. 

 Mus., iii, 1830, 197 ; Nom. North Amer. Birds, 1881, No. 482, part.— Coues, Check 

 List North Amer. Birds, ed. 2, 1882, No. 575, part.— Gabrielson, Auk, xli, 1924, 

 505 (Wallowa Valley, Oregon; common); (?) Condor, xxxiii, 1931, 112 

 (abundant in Rogue River Valley, Greg.). — (?) Miller, in Chaney, Miller, and 



' Thirty-five specimens. 

 Thirteen specimens. 



