BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA 227 



ming (all except eastern part, where rare) ; Utah (whole northwestern 

 half of State) ; New Mexico (Tierra Amarillas; Tres Piedras; no recent 

 records) ; Nevada (the northern two-thirds of the State) ; California 

 (extreme eastern and northeastern parts only) ; Oregon (formerly over 

 all of eastern part with the possible exception of Wallowa County, now 

 restricted to the southeastern part of the State) ; Washington (a narrow 

 belt east of the Cascades in central part north to the Canadian border) ; 

 Idaho (southern half only, to 20 miles north of Boise) and Montana 

 (east of Rocky Mountains), north to British Columbia (known only 

 from 2 records at Osoyoos Lake), and Saskatchewan (from Rocky Creek 

 west to Farewell Creek in the Cypress Hills). 



Type locality. — Northwestern countries beyond the Mississippi, espe- 

 cially on the Missouri=i:North Dakota. 



Tetrao urophasianus Bonaparte, Zool. Journ., iii, 1828, 214 ("Northwestern coun- 

 tries beyond the Mississippi, especially on the Missouri") ; Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. 

 New York, ii, 1828, 442 (extensive plains near the source of the Missouri) ; 

 Amer. Orn., iii, 1830, 212, pi. 21 ; Geogr. and Comp. List, 1838, 44.— Wilson, 

 Illustr. Zool., 1831, pis. 26, 27. — Nuttall, Man. Orn. United States and Canada, 

 Land Birds, 1832, 666; ed. 2, 1840, 803.— Audubon, Orn. Biogr., iv, 1838, 503, pi. 

 371 ; Synopsis, 1839, 205 ; Birds Amer., 8vo ed., v, 1842, 106, pi. 297.— Baird, Rep. 

 Stansbury's Expl. Great Salt Lake, 1852, 310 (Salt Lake Valley, Utah; Columbia 

 River).— Newberry, Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., vi, pt. 4, 1857, 95 (Pitt River, se. 

 Oregon, etc.; habits). — Hall, Murrelet, xv, 1934, 7 in text (Washington; Co- 

 lumbia River; history). 



r[etrao] urophasianus Douglas, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, xvi, 1829, 133 (arid 

 plains of Columbia River; interior n. California; crit.). — Maximilian, Journ. 

 fiir Orn., 1858, 439 (upper Missouri River). 



[Tetrao] urophasianus Reichenbach, Synop. Av., iii, 1848, pi. 216, figs. 1890-1892. — 

 Gray, Hand-list, ii, 1870, 276, No. 9828. 



Tetrao (Centrocercus) urophasianus Swainson, in Swainson and Richardson, Fauna 

 Bor.-Amer., ii, 1831 (1832), 358.— Nuttall, Man. Orn. United States and Can- 

 ada, Water Birds, 1832, 613. 



Centrocercus urophasianus Swainson, in Swainson and Richardson, Fauna Bor.- 

 Amer., ii, 1831 (1832), 342, footnote (crit.), pi. 58.— Jardine, Nat. Libr., Orn. iv, 

 1834, 140, pi. 17.— Baird, Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., ix, 1858, 624 ; x, pt. 2, 1859, 

 14 (Cochetops Pass) ; Cat. North Amer. Birds, 1859, No. 462; in Cooper, Orn. 

 Calif., Land Birds, 1870, 536. — Cooper and Suckley, Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., 

 xii, book 2, pt. 3, 1860, 222 (Washington and Oregon, e. of Cascade Mountain ; 

 habits). — Elliot, Monogr. Tetraonidae, 1865, pi. 13 and text. — Coues, Proc, 

 Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1866, 94 (Mojave River, se. Calif.) ; Ibis, 1866, 265 

 (Soda Lake, se. Cahf.) ; Proc. Essex Inst., v, 1868, 40 (Colorado Mountains, 

 w. of Denver; spec); Check List North Amer. Birds, 1874, No. 382; ed. 2, 

 1882, No. 560; Birds Northwest, 1874, 400.— Holden and Aiken, Proc. Boston 

 Soc. Nat. Hist., xv, 1872, 209 (Wyoming; Colorado).— Snow, Cat. Birds Kan- 

 sas, ed. 2, 1872, No. 164 (w. Kansas).— Ridgway, Bull. Essex Inst., v, 1873, 186 

 (Colorado; on the Artemisia plains) ; vii, 1875, 11 (Carson Valley, Nev.), 16 

 (West Humboldt Mountains; common), 21 (e. slope Ruby Mountains; sum- 

 mer), 24 (City of Rocks; s. Idaho), 31 (Salt Lake Valley), 34 (Parleys Peak, 

 Wahsatch Mountains). 39 (Nevada); Amer. Nat., viii, 1874, 240 (peculiar 



