196 BULLETIN 5 0, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



PORPHYRULA MARTINICA (Linnaeus) 

 PtTBPLE GaLUNULE 



Adult (sexes alike). — Entire head, except the large frontal and 

 anterocoronal area occupied by the frontal shield, and all of underparts 

 except the under tail and wing coverts and the lower abdomen and the 

 thighs, dark slate-violet to dusky dull violet-blue, nape and sides of 

 neck and of breast greenish Delft blue ; hind neck, shorter scapulars, 

 and interscapulars bright dusky olive-green, paling almost to leaf 

 green anteriorly; long scapulars, back, rump, upper tail coverts, and 

 rectrices glossy very dark greenish olive ; lesser and median outer upper 

 wing coverts greenish Delft blue like the sides of the breast ; the inner 

 upper coverts bright dusky olive green, slightly less dusky, more 

 greenish than the interscapulars; greater upper primary coverts 

 greenish Delft blue on their outer webs, dull olive- fuscous on all but 

 the tips of the inner webs, the tips like the outer webs; remiges dull 

 fuscous on the inner webs, greenish Delft blue on the outer webs of 

 the outermost three or four primaries, the others with the outer web 

 bright dusky olive-green like their inner median upper coverts ; middle 

 and lower abdomen, and thighs dull blackish violet-gray to almost 

 black; under tail coverts white; larger, under wing coverts greenish 

 Delft blue with pale dull fuscous inner webs ; iris clear brown ; frontal 

 shield dull blue or bluish white; bill carmine tipped with greenish 

 yellow; tarsi and toes greenish yellow.*^ 



i, 1884, 384; Dabbene, Orn. Argentina, 1910, 198. — [Ionornis'\ parva Ihering 

 (H. & R.), Aves Brazil, 1907, 32 (Matto Grosso; Rio Amazonas; Minas Geraes; 

 Amazonia). — Jonornis parvi Bertoni, Fauna Paraguaya, 1914, 37 (Pilcomayo; 

 Matto Grosso; Minas Geraes). — Glaucestes parvus Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. 

 Hist., V, 1893, 150 (Chapada, Matto Grosso, w. Brazil). — Porphyriola parva 

 Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xxiii, 1894, 191 (Rio Amazon ; Aunai, Brit. Guiana). 

 [Porphyriola] parva Sharpe, Hand-list, i, 1899, 108. — [Fulica^ flavirostris Gmelin, 

 Syst. Nat., i, pt. 2, 1789, 699 (Cayenne ; based on Favorite de Cayenne Buff on, Ois., 

 viii, 207; Favorite GaUinule Latham, Synop. Birds, iii, pt. i, 256). — [Oallinula] 

 flavirostris Latham, Index Orn., ii, 1790, 169. — Porphyria flavirostris Vieillot, 

 Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., xxviii, 1819, 29; Stephens, Shaw's Gen. Zool. xii, pt. i, 

 1824, 250; Gray, List Birds Brit. Mus., Grallae, 1844, 122.— Olaucestes flavirostris 

 Reichenbach, Av. Syst., 1852, xxi. — [lonornis] flavirostris Brabourne and Chubb, 

 Birds South America, i, 1912, 261 (Guiana; Amazonia; int. Brazil). — lonomis 

 flavirostris Chubb, Birds Brit. Guiana, i, 1916, 79 ; Bangs and Penard, Bull. Mus, 

 Comp. Zool., Ixii, 1918, 42 (Paramaribo, Surinam). — Jonornis flavirostris Dabbene, 

 Bol. Soc. Phys. Buenos Aires, i, 1913, 256 (Fortin Page, lower Rio Pilcomayo, 

 Argentina; Matto Grosso, Brazil). — Porphyrio cayana Lesson, Traits d'Orn., 

 1831, 533 (new name for Fulica flavirostris Gmelin). — Porphyrio simplex Gould, 

 Zool. Voy. Beagle, Birds, 1841, 133 (Ascension Island). — Poi'phyrula martinica. 

 (not Fulica mart in ica Linnaeus) Bonaparte, Compt. Rend., xliii, 1856, 599. 



'* Winter birds are said to have the bill, tarsi, and toes a little darker and duller 

 than breeding specimens. 



