20 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



(orig. descr. ; Cozumel Island). — Hellmayr and Conover, Cat. Birds Amer., 

 i, No. 1, 1942, 132 (syn. ; distr.). 

 Crax rubra griscomi Peters, Check-list Birds of World, ii, 1934, 12. 



Genus PENELOPE Merrem 



Penelope Merrem, Av. Rar. Icones et Descr., fasc. 2, 1786, 39. (Tyt^e, as designated 



by Sclater and Salvin, 1870, P. jacupema Merrem = P. marail Gmelin?^*.) 

 Penelophe (emendation) Billberg, Synop. Faunae Scand., i, pt. 2, 1828, table A. 

 Ponolope (emendation) Jarocki, Zoologiia, ii, 1821, 186. 

 Salpiza Wagler, Isis, 1832, 1226. (Type, as designated by Gray, 1840, Penelope 



marail Gmelin.) 

 Salphusa (emendation) Heine and Reichenow, Norn. Mus. Hein. Orn., 1890, 301. 

 Gouan Lacepede, Tabl. Ois., 1799, 12. (Type, by tautonymy, The Qiian or Guan 



Edwards = Penelope crisiata Gmelin = Penelope purpurascens aequaforialis 



Salvadori and Festa.) 

 Guan (emendation) Fischer de Waldheim, Nat. Mus. Naturg. Paris, ii, 1803, 183. 

 Guanus (emendation) Fischer de Waldheim, Zoognesia, i, ed. 3, 1813, 34, 51. 

 Ganix Rafinesque, Analyse, 1815, 69. (New name for Gonan Lacepede.) 

 Stegnolcvma Sclater and Sal\tn, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1870, 521. (Type, by 



monotypy, Ortalida montagnii Bonaparte.) 

 Steganolarma (emendation) Waterhouse, Index Gen. Avium, 1889, 211. 



Large Cracidae (length about 558-890 mm. but less bulky and more 

 slender than Crax), with bill relatively small and not compressed, loral, 

 orbital, and gular regions nude, the last with a median wattle or dewlap 

 (sometimes not evident in dried skins), pileum with decumbent but 

 erectile crest of broad, flattened soft feathers, tail as long as or longer 

 than wing, and coloration mostly brownish or olivaceous, without bars, 

 usually without any solid black, and sometimes with whitish streaks on 

 underparts. 



Bill relatively small (only about half as long as head), its depth at 

 base about equal to its width at same point ; culmen about as long as 

 nude portion of mesorhinium, gradually decurved, broadly rounded on 

 top, the rhinotheca slightly to decidedly broader than deep at base ; 

 mesorhinium straight or very slightly convex toward base, gently ascend- 

 ing proximally ; nostril relatively rather large, narrowly elliptical or slit- 

 like to comma-shaped (broadly rounded anteriorly, acute or subacute 

 posteriorly), its posterior half or more overhung by a convex membrane, 

 its anterior end touching base of rhinotheca, or nearly so. Wing large 

 and broad, the longer primaries and secondaries about equal in length 



"Merrem had two species, P. leucolophos (p. 43), which = Crax cumanensis 

 Jacquin (a Pipile), and P. jacupema (p. 39), which is doubtfully referred to P. 

 marail Gmelin; Sclater and Salvin, P.Z.S. 1870, 523, say it 'must always remain 

 doubtful' what species was intended by Merrem under this name." (Richmond, MS.) 



In 1816 Vieillot (Analyse, p. 49) gave only Marail Buffon (= Penelope marail 

 Gmelin) imder the generic term Penelope; while in 1832 W^agler (Isis, p. 1226) 

 included P. pipile (= Pipile jacimtinga), P. cumanensis (= Pipile cumanensis), and 

 P. abnrri (= Aburria aburri). 



