178 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



1898, 32 (British Columbia, e. of and including Cascade Mountains). — Macoun, 

 Cat. Can. Birds, 1900, 202, part.— Bailey, Handb. Birds Western United States, 

 1902, 127, part.— Ker MODE, Cat. British Columbia Birds, 1904, 26 (e. of and 

 including Cascade Mountains). — Johnson, Condor, viii, 1906, 26 (Cheney, 

 Wash.). — Dawson and Bowles, Birds Washington, ii, 1909, 583, part (e. Wash- 

 ington, habits; distr.). 



B[onasa] umhellus togata Ridgway, Man. North Amer. Birds, 1887, 198, part (e. 

 Oregon, and Washington Territory). 



Bonasa umbdliis Ogilvie- Grant, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xxlii, 1893, 85 part (Fort 

 Klamath, Oreg.). 



Bonasa umhellus affinis Aldrich and Friedmann, Condor, xlv, 1943, 97 (Fort 

 Klamath, Oreg.; tax.; crit. ; descr. ; distr.). 



BONASA UMBELLUS PHAIA Aldrich and Friedmann 



Idaho Ruffed Grouse 



Adult (gray phase). — Similar to that of Bonasa umhellus umbellvis but 

 less brownish, more grayish, and much darker, the smoke gray of the 

 upperparts of the latter being replaced by mouse gray to light grayish 

 olive, abundantly and heavily vermiculated with black ; the general dorsal 

 coloration being more grayish than brownish, only the interscapulars 

 and upper surface of the wings being brownish — Saccardo's umber to 

 dusky olive-brown to dull sepia (and even the interscapulars are largely 

 grayish terminally) ; lower back and rump feathers basally and laterally 

 sepia, but this color less extensive than the vermiculated gray parts of 

 the feathers; below more heavily barred than umhellus (more like ajfinls 

 and togata), the bars pale Saccardo's umber to mummy brown, the 

 throat and breast strongly tinged with pale ochraceous-tawny. 



Adult (brown phase).- — Similar to that of B. u. umhellus but much 

 darker, less rufescent, more brownish (more like the corresponding phase 

 of brunnescens, but with more grayish or dusky) ; the tail Dresden brown 

 tinged, especialy laterally, with ochraceous-tawny, the brown of the upper 

 parts of head, body and wings dark, dull Saccardo's umber to dark Dres- 

 den brown, vermiculated with black, the feathers of the upper and lower 

 back with a dark grayish mixture ; the feathers of the rump darkening 

 to Front's brown medially tipped with dark smoke gray to pale grayish 

 olive ; below similar to the gray phase but slightly less bufify on the breast. 



Juvenal (male only seen). — Above much grayer than that of B. u. 

 umhellus, even grayer than the gray-phase juvenal of B. u. monticola, the 

 general coloration of the upper parts of head, body, wings, and tail being 

 drab to ashy hair brown, the interscapulars, scapulars, and a few of 

 the feathers of the back having ashy tilleul-buff shaft stripes and cross 

 bars with incomplete broad clove brown to blackish interspaces; outer 

 margin of secondaries buffy avellaneous, lesser upper wing coverts with 

 a light brownish-olive tinge ; crown and occiput dark mouse gray, the 

 feathers with broad black terminal areas, margined and narrowly tipped 



