BIRDS OP NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA 161 



Bonasa umbella CoUES, Proc. Essex Inst., v, 1868, 39 part (New England; common) ; 

 Check List North Amer. Birds, ed. 2, 1882, No. 565, part; Key North Amer. 

 Birds, ed. 2, 1884, 585, part. 



D[onasa\ umbellus Ridgway^ Man. North Amer. Birds, 1887, 197, part. — CouES, 

 Key North Amer. Birds, ed. 5, 1903, ii, 741, part.— Reichenow, Die Vogel, i, 

 1913, 319. 



[Bonasa] umbellus Coues, Key North Amer. Birds, 1872, 235, part. 



Bonasa umbellus var. umbellus Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway, Hist. North Amer. 

 Birds, iii, 1874, 448, part. 



Bonasa umbellus a. umbellus Coues, Birds Northwest, 1874, 420, part. 



Bonasa umbellus umbellus American Ornithologists' Union, Check-list, ed. 2, 

 1895, 112; ed. 3, 1910, 140 part; ed. 4, 1931, 81 part— Eaton, Birds New York, 

 i. 1909, 366 (New York).— Harlow, Auk, xxix, 1912, 469 (Chester County, 

 Pa.; abundant) ; xxxv, 1918, 23 (Pennsylvania and New Jersey; egg dates). — 

 Burns, Orn. Chester County, Pa., 1919, 48 (Chester County, Pa., rare; eggs). — 

 Smith, Auk, xxxviii, 1921, 466 (Meriden, Conn.; nest with 23 eggs all hatched). 

 —Daley, Auk, xxxix, 1922, 178 (Slide Mountain, Catskill Mountains, N. Y.), 

 180 (Frost Valley, Catskill Mountains, N. Y.).— Burleigh, Wils. Bull., xxxvi, 

 1924, 69 (Centre County, Pa.).— Beck, Auk, xli, 1924, 292 in text (Pennsylvania- 

 German common names). — Clay, Wils. Bull., xxxvii, 1925, 43 in text (behavior 

 of a stunned bird). — Sutton, Wils. Bull., xxxix, 1927, 171 in text (killed by 

 screech owl) ; Birds Pennsylvania, 1928, 53, part (e. Pennsylvania; habits; etc.). 

 — FoRBUSH, Birds Massachusetts and Other New England States, ii, 1927, 26, 

 pi. 35 (col. fig.; descr. ; habits, New England). — Cooke, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- 

 ington, xlii, 1929, 33 (Washington, D. C.).— Burleigh, Wils. Bull., xliii, 1931, 

 38 (State College, Centre County, Pa.).— Bent, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 162, 



1932, 141 (habits; plum.; distr.). — Griscom, Trans. Linn. Soc. New York, iii, 



1933, 96 (Dutchess County, N. Y. ; fairly common). — Towers, Auk, Ii, 1934, 

 516 in text (feather structure). — Peters, Check-list Birds of World, ii, 1934, 

 40. — Fisher, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, xlviii, 1935, 161 (Plummers 

 Island, Md.).— Stone, Bird Studies Cap May, i, 1937, 319 (Cape May, N. J.; 

 status; habits). — Wetmore, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., Ixxxiv, 1937, 406 (distr.; 

 tax.).— Todd, Auk, Ivii, 1940, 396 (crit. ; characters).— Hellmayr and Conover, 

 Cat. Birds Amer., i. No. 1, 1942, 215, part. — Cruickshank, Birds New York 

 City, 1942, 150 (status; habits). — Aldrich and Friedmann, Condor, xlv, 1943, 

 90 (tax.; descr.; distr.). 



Bonasa u[mbellus] umbellus Urner, Abstr. Linn. Soc. New York, Nos. 39, 40, 1930, 

 71 (Union County, N. J.). — Groebbels, Der Vogel, ii, 1937, 166 in text (data on 

 breeding biology). — Poole, Auk, Iv, 1938, 516 in table (weight; wing area). — 

 Stabler, Auk, Iviii, 1941, 561 (parasite experiment). 



B[onasa] umbellus umbellus Uttal, Auk, Iviii, 1941, 74 (tarsal feathering). 



B[onasa] u[mbellus] umbellus Uttal, Auk, Iviii, 1941, 75, 77 in text (tarsal feather- 

 ing). 



Bonasa jobsii Jaycox, Cornell Era, Dec. 8, 1871 (Ithaca, N. Y.) ; iv. No. 14, Jan. 13, 

 1872 (crit.).— Anon., Ibis, 1872, 191, 439 in text. 



Bonasa umbellus hclmei Bailey, Bailey Mus. and Libr. Nat. Hist. Bull. 14, January 

 5, 1941, 1st page (Miller Place, Long Island, N. Y.). 



BONASA UMBELLUS MEDIANA Todd 



Midwestern Ruffed Grouse 



Adults. — Very similar to the corresponding sex and phase of B. u. 

 umbellus but very slightly paler, the top and sides of the head and neck 



