166 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



feet), 375 (Canadian and Transition Zone, 2,000 to 5,000 feet and above). — 

 Smyth, Auk, xxix, 1912, 514 (Montgomery County, Va.).— Bailey, Birds 

 Virginia, 1913, 88 (Virginia; habits, etc.).— Brooks, Auk, xxxi, 1914, 544 (Rich 

 Mountains, W. Va.) ; Wils. Bull, xlii, 1930, 246 (Cranberry Glades, W. Va.).— 

 Pearson, Brimley, and Brimley, Birds North Carolina, 1919, 153 (North 

 Carolina; distr. ; habits).— Ho well. Birds Alabama, 1924, 119; ed. 2, 1928, 

 119 (Alabama; habits).— Blincoe, Auk, xlii, 1925, 408 (Bardstown, Ky.).— 

 Sutton, Birds Pennsylvania, 1928, 53 part (w. Pennsylvania). — Pickens, Wils. 

 Bull., xl, 1928, 189 (upper South Carolina).— Bent, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 162, 

 1932, 141 part (life hist.).— Peters, Check-list Birds of World, ii, 1934, 40, part. 

 — Hudson and Sherman, Auk, liii, 1936, 311 (South Carolina; still present 

 but reduced in numbers in Pickens and Oconee Counties). — Van Tyne, Occ. 

 Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 379, 1938, 11 (Michigan; south of range 

 B. u. togata). — Campbell, Bull. Toledo Mus. Sci., i, 1940, 61 (Lucas County, 

 Ohio; now extirpated; last record is 1905). — Trautman, Misc. Publ. Mus. 

 Zool. Univ. Michigan Mus. Zool., No. 44, 1940, 223 (Buckeye Lake, Ohio; 

 formerly common, now extirpated). — Todd, Birds Western Pennsylvania, 1940, 

 168 (w. Pennsylvania; descr., habits, syn.) ; Auk, Ivii, 1940, 390 in text (spec, 

 w. Pennsylvania; crit.), 396 (distr.). — Goodp.^ster, Journ. Cincinnati Soc. Nat. 

 Hist., xxii, 1941, 13 (sw. Ohio — only one known record — Clermont County, 

 October 1878).— Burleigh. Auk, Iviii, 1941, 337 (Mount Mitchell, N. C. ; 

 young). — Hellmayr and Conover, Cat. Birds Amer., i, No. 1, 1942, 215, part. 



Bonasa umhellus var. umbellus Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway, Hist. North Amer. 

 Birds, iii, 1874, 448, part. 



B[onasa\ u[inhelliis] umhellus Hicks, Wils. Bull., xlv, 1933, 179 (Ashtabula 

 County, Ohio). 



[Bonasa] [umbellus] umbellus Wheaton, Rep. Birds Ohio, 1882, 447. 



Bonasa umbellus togata Wetmore, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxxiv, 1937, 406, 407 

 (West Virginia ; many records ; crit. ; ranges s. to the mountains of n. Georgia) ; 

 Ixxxvi, 1939, 183 (Tennessee; spec, from Shady Valley, Roan Mountain, and 

 Mount Guyot; sev. sight records) ; Ixxxviii, 1940, 535 (Kentucky; near Mount 

 Vernon). — Pearson, Brimley, and Brimley, Birds North Carolina, 1942, 107 

 (North Carolina; descr.; habits). 



Bonasa umbellus monticola Todd, Auk, Ivii, 1940, 392 (Cheat Bridge, W. Va. ; 

 descr., range, crit.), 396 (distr.). — Aldrich and Friedmann, Condor, xlv, 1943, 

 94 (tax.; descr.; distr.). 



B[onasa] u[mbellus] monticola Uttal, Auk, Iviii, 1941, 74 in text (tarsal feathering). 



BONASA UMBELLUS SABINI (Douglas) 



Pacific Ruffed Grouse 



Adult (brown phase). — Similar to that of Bonasa umhellus umhellus but 

 much more darkly and richly colored (darker and richer than B. u. 

 monticola also) ; the black markings above more extensive and conspicu- 

 ous, the areas which are sayal brown to cinnamon-brown in umhellus be- 

 ing orange-cinnamon, cinnamon-rufous, or hazel, those that are cinnamon- 

 brown to dark Brussels brown in umhellus are bright dark amber brown 

 to rufescent argus brown ; rectrices bright amber brown ; ventral barrings 

 darker — dark Dresden brown narrowly edged with fuscous, the lateral 

 bars (on sides and flanks darker still)^ — mummy brown to clove brown; 

 thighs darker — wood brown to avellaneous tinged with cinnamon-buff. 



