NO. 2287. COLLECTION OF ECCLESIASTICAL ART—CASANOWICZ. 647 



inches. — Constantinople, Turkey. (Plate 91, fig. 2, Cat. No. 154796, 

 U.S.N.M.) 



253. Kschotz. — Made of white metal. A musical instninicnt in 

 form of a rayed circle, somewhat like the halo round the head of a 

 saint, with 10 gilded globular tinklers attached on the edge. In the 

 middle of the circle is a six-winged seraph (Isaiah vi, 2) . At certain 

 parts of the celebration of the mass this instrument is shaken with the 

 object, as the ringing of the altar bell in Roman Catholic churches, 

 to excite the attention and devotion of the congregation. Height, 

 19 inches; diameters, IH ^-nd ^i inches. — Constantinople, Turkey. 

 (Plate 96, fig. 1, Cat. No. 154799, U.S N M.) 



254. Cross of benediction. — Made of white metal. Used when giving 

 the blessing to the congregation by an ecclesiastic. The Armenian 

 cross differs from the Latin cross by the arms being nearer the top 

 and much shorter. Height, 9^ inches; width, 5^ inches. — Constan- 

 tinople, Turkey. (Plate 96, fig. 2, Cat. No. 154798, U.S.N.M.) 



255. Flute. — Used for accompanying the chanting of the mass in 

 the Armenian Church. The Armenian Church makes no use of the 

 organ. Length, 31 inches. — Constantinople, Turkey. (Plate 97, fig. 

 1, Cat. No. 154802, U.S.N.M.) 



256. Triangle. — Used during the service of the mass in the Arme- 

 nian Church. Height, 7 inches; base 6 inches. — Constantinople, 

 Turkey. (Plate 97, fig. 2, Cat. No. 154805, U.S.N.M.) 



257. Double bell. — Made of white metal. Used at the conclusion 

 of the service of the mass in the Armenian Church. Height, 8 inches; 

 diameters, 3| and 3 inches. — Constantinople, Turkey. (Plate 97, fig. 

 3, Cat. No. 154801, U.S.N.M.) 



258. Cymbal. — Used in the service of the mass in the Armenian 

 Church. It is struck with a hammer, and the secret of its manufac- 

 ture is said to be known to but one artisan in Constantinople. Diam- 

 eter, 15 inches. — Constantinople, Turkey. (Plate 97, fig. 4, Cat. No. 

 154803, U.S.N.M.) 



259. Pair of cymbals. — Called by the Armenians Dzindzgha. Used 

 in the service of the mass in the Armenian Church. Diameter, 11 

 inches.— Constantinople, Turkey. (Cat. No. 154804, U.S.N.M.) 



MODELS OF ECCLESIASTICAL EDIFICES. 



260. Models of the cathedral, the baptistery, the Campanile or Leaning 

 Tower, and the Cam.po Santo of Pisa, Italy. — Made of alabaster and 

 mounted upon a tablet of black marble. The cathedral (duomo) was 

 begun in 1063 (or 1067) and consecrated in 1118. It is a basihca of 

 the romanesque style of architecture. Its plan is a Latin cross, 311 

 feet long, 106^ feet across the nave, and four aisles, 237 feet across 

 the transept, and 91 feet high, to the wooden ceiling of the nave. 

 Over the apse is a semidome. The facade has five superposed tiers 



