110 REVIEW OF JAPANESE BIRDS. 



Specimen matches exactly four sv)ecimens from France and Saxony in 

 rej^anl to the color niulerneatli (which is quite lif;ht), and in the amount 

 of white on the scai)ul;irs, but has the white spots on the inner second- 

 aries longer, nearly formiuf;- cross-bands, and, like all eastern specimens 

 at my command, h;;s white tips to the loriiicst ])rimaries. This bird I 

 tberetbre feel justitied in regarding? as typical jVrj:;()/</c».s. The next con- 

 clusion is that the ty inaxl japonivus breeds in Yesso.* 



Tlu> other breeding' bird is from Fuji, on the Middle Ishuul, a S ,col 

 lected by ,Iouy (Coll. No. 4l.»r), U. S. Nat. Mas. No. S87(Ki), July 4, 1882. 

 This bird is entirely ditterent from the foregoing. All the white under 

 ]>arts are strongly suffused with brown, nnd so are the ear-coverts; the 

 scapulars are black, only a few with white tips ; the white s])otson th<^ 

 inner secondaries are not continuous, consequently they have no bars, 

 although they are somewhat larger than in European specimens of 

 7najor; between the black lateral patches on the breast a few feathers are 

 tipped with red ; the outer rectrices are strongly barred with broad black 

 bands. Having no Chinese specimens at hand 1 have to content myself 

 with Malherbe's figures (Mon. Pic. Atl. 1, pi. xvii) and the assertion of 

 Mr. Seebohm that the birds there ligured, viz, P. viandarhins, r.gouhUi, 

 P, cabanisi, antl P. luciani, all of which he refers to two extremes, P. 

 eabanisi and P. luciani, are " apparently separated by a hard and fast 

 line from" P. major and allies by having black scapulars. This being 

 the case the Japanese specimen in question can only be referred to the 

 Chinese group, and, indeed, I can at present discover no character by 

 which it can be separated from P. (jonhlii, though actual comparison of 

 specimens may reveal some diagnostic mark. The conclusions to be 

 derived from the above is that there breeds in the Middle Island ot 

 Japan a Great Spotted AYoodpecker which is different from Seebohm'a 

 P.jupoiucus, and which we call Dn/obates (loiihliu at least i)rovisionally. 



Several other facts can be adduced in support of the latter conclu- 

 sion. In the U. S. National Museum is a specimen (No. 01327), a S , 

 collected by Jouy at Chiusenji Lake, Middle Island, September (>, 1882. 

 It is essentially like the one described above, even in possessing the red 

 margins to some of the pectoral feathers, and the spots on the inner 

 secondaries are still smaller. During the same summer Mr. Jouy col- 

 lected six more specimens on the ^Middle Islaml, none of which (except 

 a young male), however, came to the National Museum. In rearard to 

 these specimens I tind the following remarks in Blakiston's manuscript 

 notes: "Jouy's summer specimens all dark."t A third fact in this 



* I luay arid hert> that » female, the first specimen collected in Japan, (of. Cassiu, 

 Perry's Exped. Jap., II, '2-22) Hakodadi, May, 18r)4, U. S. Nat. Mns. No. 15873, is now iu 

 a condition which makes it unsafe to hasc any conclusions npon it, but so far as I can 

 tell from it and from Cassin's remarks, 1. c, it is a typical japonicns. closely resem- 

 bling the one above. 



tCf. also Blakiston's remark. Tr. As. Soc. Jap., X, 1882, p. 132: "While the light 

 parts abont the fiice, throat, and breast in Yezo examples are nearly white, southern 

 specimens are deeply tinged with brown." 



