342 REVIEW OF SPECIES OF BELONIDiE. 



Genus II. TYLOSURUS. 



Tylosurus Cocco, "Lettere iu Gioruale Sci. Sicilia, xvii," 18, 1829 {cantraini=impe- 



rialis=acusf). 

 Tylosurus Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis Fish. N. A., 1883, 372. 

 Athlennes, subgenus nova {Mans). 



The name Tylosurus (more correctly written Tylurus) was framed by 

 Cocco, for those species of this group which have a keel or callus on the 

 side of the caudal ])edunc]e. This character has no generic importance, 

 but as the type of Tylosurus is also destitute of gill-rakers, the name 

 must be retained by the group thus distinguished. 



Tylosurus hnperialis {=cantrarni) is a rare species which we have never 

 seen. We are indebted to our friend Dr. Vinciguerra, of Genoa, for our 

 information in regard to it. 



The American sjiecies of Tylosurus are numerous, for thf, most part 

 well defined and easily recognizable, though very ill-described by the 

 earlier authors. Most of them seem to have a wide geographical range. 



ANAXYSIS OF AMERICAN SPECIES OF TYLOSURUS.* 



a. Body not compressed, its greatest breadth mare than two-thirds its greatest depth. 



{Tylosurus.) 

 6. Mouth capable of being nearly or quite closed, the upper jaw not conspicuously 



arched at base. 

 c. Caudal peduncle compressed, deeper than broad, without trace of keel along 



the lateral line; dorsal and anal fins short, each 

 of 13 to 16 rays, the posterior rays not elevated ; 

 anal longer than dorsal and inserted farther for- 

 ward; jaws slender, about twice as long as rest of 

 head ; no fold of skin across preopercle ; caudal 

 subtruncate, the lower lobe somewhat produced 

 sides with a bluish-silvery band; species of smalL 

 size, with the scales and bones not greeu. 

 d. Scales comparatively large, about 85 before the dorsal fin, and about 7 or 8 

 rows on the cheeks ; body robust, the depth about 

 5 in head; maxillary entirely concealed by the 

 preorbital ; ventral fins very short, not half length 

 of postorbital part of head, their insertion nearer 

 base of caudal than gill-opening ; coloration pale, 

 the dorsal and caudal brick-red iu life; lateral 

 stripe narrow for its entire length ; no scapular 

 blotch. D. 1, 13; A. 1, 13. Lat. 1. 150. 



NOTATUS, 2. 

 dd. Scales small, 140 to 150 before dorsal fin, about 12 rows on the cheeks; 

 body slender ; veutrnls inserted at a point nearer 

 cheeks than base ol' r;iudal ; fins without red ; lat- 

 eral stripe broadened below the dorsal fin. 

 e. Region above base of pectorals with a conspicuous round blackish blotch; 

 maxillary not entirely concealed by preorbital; 

 eye 2^ in postorbital part of head ; head 2|- in 

 length; depth 6| in head. D. 1, 14; A. 1, 15. Lat. 



1. 215 SCAPULARIS, 3. 



* Tylosurus galeatus, an ally of T. raphidoma, is here omitted, as being insufficiently 

 described. 



