1886.] PROCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 385 



crown and nape, wiile in the northern bird the whole head is pure and 

 uniform white.* 



The young ones, on the other hand, may be rather difficult to distin- 

 guish, even more so than the young ones of the corresponding European 

 species, since in the two Japanese forms the amount of white on the 

 tertiaries and secondaries is about the same. Having only a very faded 

 specimen of a young European ^. caudatus, I am unable to point out 

 with certainty any character beyond the relative size ; but as seen fi-om 

 the tables, the difference in that respect between the adults is appar- 

 ently very slim, and an attempt to determine a young bird by means of 

 the comparative measurements would probably prove futile. I am in- 

 clined to think, however, that the very distinct black spot above the 

 eye, as distinguished from the brownish color of the rest of the super- 

 ciliary stripe, shown in the three specimens of young JE. trivirgatus 

 before me, may be a distinctive character, to which I, therefore, call the 

 attention of Japanese ornithologists. 



The young of JEJ. trivirgatus may be described as follows : 



^ jui: {U. S. Xat.Mus. No. 86647 ; Fuji, July 11, 1882; coll P. L. Jouy, No. 487.) 

 Wings and tail as in the adults ; back, dark sepia with a slight vinaceoiis tinge ; hind 

 neck, ear coverts, and superciliary stripe similar, but lighter and more brownish ; 

 above the eye a distinct deep black spot in the superciliary stripe ; cheeks, chin, and 

 throat pure white, the rest of the under parts, top of head, and scapulars white, the 

 ends of the feathers faintly soiled with a dusky wash, which behind the throat is so 

 pronounced as to form a rather distinct but narrow band across the breast ; crissum 

 and under tail-coverts fawn-colored, slightly suffused with vinaceous. According to 

 Jouy (Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. vi, 1883, p. 285) the iris of the young birds is *' black," and 

 the eyelids of a "brilliant orange color." 



Measurements of -^GiTHALOS tkivirgatus. 



* It may be noted as a curiosity, that Dr. Gadow, in the " Key to the Species " (Cat. 

 B. Brit. Mus., viii, pp. 54-55), includes ^. caudatus in the group of species which 

 have the "centre of crown, from nostrils to nape, pale, either fawn-colored or white," 

 as distinguished from those tvith the "crown uniformly colored." 



t Molting. 



Proc. N. M. 86 25 October 30, 1 8 86. 



