1886.] PROCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 447 



of the boats; excavations in the bord-stones' indicate the rowlocks. 

 Their outlines are reproductions of the Upland, Haggeby, and Gotland 

 runic stones. The direction of the boats suggests in the construction 

 a general southeasterly course. 



At a depth of from six inches to a foot below the surface a large 

 stone plate was found, serving as a cover to chests built of plates of 

 either natural or artificial formation. The cells of these chests were 

 occupied by urns composed of gravel mixed with clay but little burnt, 

 and containing more or less cremated human remains. The following 

 illustration (see Plate xvii), copied from "0. Grewiugk, Die Steiuschifte 

 von Musching und die Wella-Laiwe oder Teufelsboote Kurlands iiber- 

 haupt," shows in a the arrangement and outlines of these boat-positions- 

 in b, a sectional view of one of the Musching boats, and in c, th-e stone 

 chests which have served for the reception of the cremated remains of 

 the dead. 



Similar boats have been found in Livonia. Among them is the 

 Slaweek stone boat^ from the shores of Little Strante Lake in the dis- 

 trict of Walk. It has a double row of bord stones, from 4 to 5 feet high, 

 is supplied with thirteen or fourteen row-benches, and is rounded off at 

 stem and stern. The cremated remains of the dead had been deposited 

 on the level ground between the stones. 



In Estnish Livonia ^ similar positions were found, but lying either 

 singly or in fours they are indicated by single rows of stones in a north- 

 east to southwest or east to west direction, and are rounded off at stem 

 and stern. They exhibit as many as eleven row-benches and some large 

 bowlders, possibly indicating the position of the mast. 



The boat representation found near Stralsund, Germany, ^ was pro- 

 vided with a double row of bord-stones. In its interior space, obliter- 

 ated by digging, an empty chest of thin stone })lates was found. 



Among the boat representations of Sweden those in the forest of 

 Braidlloar on the Island of Gotland,'* of Eds in Upland,'* Blomsholm in 

 Bohuslan,* K§,seberg,^ Lungers^s upon Gotland,^ Eaftotangeu in Blek- 

 iii^en^ are the most important. 



Ihe dimensions of all these boat representations vary greatly; they 

 may, however, be divided into two general groups of which the one 

 includes only the seven i)Ositions of Conrland, while all the other boats 

 are included in the second group. 



' Sievers, Graf C. : Verhandlungea d. estn. Ges. zii Dorpat, viii, Heft 3, Dorpat 

 1876. Sievers, Graf C. : Verhandlungeji der Berliucr Gesellscliaft fiir Anthropologic, 

 1875, October. 



- Archiv fiir Anthropologie, x, p. 80. Sitzuugsberichte der gelehrten estuiscben Ges, 

 ellschaftzu Dorpat, May, November, December, 1876; Jauiiary, 1878. 



' Hagenow, in Baltische Stndicn der Gesellschaft fiir Pommersche Geschicbte, xv , 2 

 p. 49. Archi-"' fiir Anthropologie, x, p. 82. 



* Archiv fiir Anthropologie, x, p. 83. 



'-lUd., p. 84. 



