LOPHOPIIANES CHARS. AND SVNS. OF L. BICOLOR 113 



tnaxiiiiuiu for this group. Nests excavated iu trees. Eggs 

 spotted. 



There are four perfectly good Americau species of " Tufted 

 Titmice", only two of which are kuowu to occur iu the Colorado 

 Basiu. For conveuieuce of comparing the three western species 

 with the eastern one, the characters of the latter are subjoined.* 



" I^ophoplianes bicolor.— Tnlted Titmouse. 



ParilS biCOlor, L. SN. i. 1766, 340 (Gates, i. pi. 57).— Gm. SN. i. 1788, 1005. — LarA. 10. ii. 1790, 

 567.— Z'((rt. SN. i. 1806, 621.— fr«7s. AO. i. 1808, 137, pi. 8, f. o.—Bp. Journ. Phila. Acad, 

 iv. 1825, 255.-2?;?. Ann. Lye. N. Y. ii. 1826, 100.— icss. Tr. Orn. 1831, AbCx—Aud. OB. i. 

 1831, 199, pi. .19 — Null. Man. 1. 1832, ^^d.—Temvi. Man. iii. 1835. 210.— Bp. C. & G. L. 

 1838, 20.— And. Syn. 1839, IS.— And. BA. ii. 1841, 143, pi. 125 (" Nova Bcotia,"). —Linsl. 

 Am. Journ. Sci. xliv. 1843, 255 (Connecticut).— GiV. BLI. 1844, 78.— Read, Pr. Pbila. 

 Acad. vi. 1853, 397 (Ohio).— Brew. Pr. Bost, Soc. iv. 1854, 325.— Henrij, Pr. Phila. Acad, 

 vii. 1855, 309 (? 1 New Mexico).— A'ewni'c. Tr. Illiuois Agric. Soc. i. 1855, 58i.—Haym. Pr. 

 Phila. Acad. viil. 1850, 290 (Indiana).— il/axm. J. t. O. vi. 1858, 118. (N. B.—I'arus 

 bicolor. Fabric. Fn. Gra?nlaud. 1780, 123, is some other animal.) 



LophophniieiiibiCOlOr, Bp.CA. i. 1850, 228.— Ca.s.s. 111. 1853, IS.— Jf'oodh. Sitgr. Rep. Zufii, 

 1853, 68 (Indian Temtory).— Maxim. J. f. O. 1858, 117.— /?</. BNA. 1858, 38i. — He7iry, 

 Pr. Phila. Acad. xi. 1859, WT.—Barii. Smiths. Rep. for 1860, 1861, 437 (Pennsylvania).— 

 Coues ^S-Pre'it. Smiths. Rep. for 1861, 1862, 'in.—Haijd. Tr. Amer. Philos. Soc. xii. 1862, 

 174.— Terr. Pr. Ess. Inst. iii. 1862, i57.—Bd. RAB. 1864, 18.— Allen, Pr. Ess. Inst. iv. 1864, 

 8i.—Hoij, Smiths. Rep. for 1864, 1865, 438 (Missouri).— Dress. Ibis, 2d ser. i. 1865, 485 

 (Texas).— Za!iT. Ann. Lye. N. Y. viii. 1866, 283.— C'o;(es, Pr. Bost. Soc. xii. 1868, 107 

 (South Carolina).— Co?<cs, Pr. Ess. lust. v. 1868, 279 (New England).— Turwi. B. E. Pa. 

 1869, 28 ; Phila. ed. 21.— Gre^^, Pr. Elmira Acad. 1870, — (Chemung Co. N. Y., rare).- 

 Abbott, Am. Nat. iv. 1870, 5i5.— Allen, Bull. MCZ. ii. 1871, 261 (Florida) ; iii. 1872, 125 

 < Kansas).— .9co«, Pr. Bost. Soc. xv. 1872, 2-2i.— Allen, Am. Na.t. vi. 1872, 2Gi.—Mayji. B. 

 Fla. 1872. 32.— Coues, Key, 1872, 80, f. 21.— Saoic, B. Kans. 1873, 6 (resident).— ifirf^/. 

 Am. Nat. vii, 1873, 200.— rri>;7e, Pr. Bost. Soc. xv. 1873, 236 (Iowa).— il/em Am. Nat. 

 viii. 1874, 8, 86.— Goues, BNW. 1874, 19.— S. B. 6,- R. NAB. i. 1874, 87, pi. 6, f. \.—Btlio. 

 Pr. Bost. Soc. xvii. 1875, 451. 



Raeolopbiis bicolor. Cab. MH. i. 1850, 91. 



Par.llS CristiltUS, Banr. Trav. Fla. 1st Am. ed. 1791, 292. 



Loptaophanes inissouriensis, Bd. BNA. 1858, .384 (in text). 



Toupet Titmouse, Penn. AZ. ii. 1785, 423, no. 324. 



Mesaiige bictlore, Temm. \. c. 



Tufted Tituiuusc, t'restert Titiiioui^e, Vnig. 



Hab. — Eastern United States, from Texas and Nebraska to the Connecti- 

 cut Vallev. 



Ch. sp. — $ 9 Cinereus, dorso paiilulum oUraxceutc ; hifra sordide alhiis, latiri- 

 hiis ntjis ; /route nigra; rostro nigricante, i)edihus phinibeis. 



S 9 : Entire upper parts asby, tbe back usually witb a sligbt olivaceous 

 shade, tbe wings and tail rather purer and darker plumbeous, the latter 

 sometimes showing obsolete transverse bars. Sides of the head and entire 

 under parts dull whitish, washed with chestnut-brown on the sides. A 

 black frontlet at the base of the crest. Bill plumbeous-blackish ; feet plum- 

 beous. Length, 6-64 inches; extent, 9f-10f; wing, 3-3^; tail about the 

 same. 



Young : The crest less developed ; little if any trace of the black frontlet ; 

 sides scarcely washed with rusty. 

 8 B c 



