SYNONYMY OF HELMINTHOPHAGA PINUS 215 



tera, are exclusively Eastern, as far as we uow know. The 

 genus, as a whole, is rather southerly, belonging to the United 



284.— Trippe, Am. Nat. ii. 1868, 174.— OoM«s, Pr. Bost. Soc. xii. 18C8, 109. — jffaj/m. Geol. 

 Surv. Indiana, 1809, 210.— Ifai/n. Guide, 1870, 100 (Massachusetts).- J.66oa, Am. Nat. 

 iv. 1870, 543.— Allen, Am. Nat. vi. 1872, 265.— Cowes, Key, 1872, 9i.-Allen, Bull. MCZ. 

 iii. 1872, 124, 175 (Kansas) .—Sdow, B. Kans. 1873, A.—Ridgw. Am. Nat. vii. 1873, 199.— 

 Trippe,VT. Bost. Soc. sv. 1873, 234 (Iowa).— Comcs, BNW. 1874, 49.— iJidgrit). Aun. Lye. 

 N. Y.x, 1874, 368 (Illinois, breeding).— Ames, Bull. Minn. Acad. i. 1874, 56 (Minne- 

 sota).— i?. i?. <£i?. NAB. 1. 1874, 195, pi. 11, f.l.—Brew. Pr. Bost. Soc. xvii. 1875,439 

 (Conn.).— Minot, B. New Engl. 1877, 91.— JT^rr. Trans. Conn. Acad. iv. 1877, 14 (Conn.). 

 Helminthopaga pinus, Gregg, Pr. Elmira Acad. Nat. Sci. 1870, — . 

 Helminthophaga pina, Ooues, Pr. Ess. Inst. v. 1808, 271 (S. New England).— Pwrdie, Am. 



Nat. vii. 1873, 092 (Connecticut, breeding regularly). 

 Parus aureus alis ccruleis, Bartr. Trav. Fla. 1791, 292 (cf. Coues, Pr. Phila. Acad. 1875, 352). 

 Sylvia solitaria, TTtb. AO. ii. 1810, 109, pi. 15, f. 4.— F. Ency. M6th.ii. 1823,450.— ^p. Jonrn. 

 Phila. Acad. iv. 1824, 189.— i?i9. Ann. Lye. N. Y. ii. 1820, 87.— A"w«. Man. i. 1832, 410.— 

 Aud. OB. i. 1832, 102, pi. W.—Haym. Pr. Phila. Acad. viii. 1856, 290 (Indiana). 

 Vermivora solitaria, ./ard. "ed. Wils. 1832".— £p. CGL. 1838, 21.— i?emi2/, PZS. 1847, 38.— 

 Vfoodh. Sitgr. Rep. Expl. Col. K. 1853, 72 (Indian Terr., common, breeding).— JEcad, 

 Pr. Phila. Acad. 1853, 399 {Ohio).— Hoy, Smiths. Kep. for 1804, 1805, 438 (Missouri). 

 SylTlCola solitaria, Rich. Rep. Brit. Assoc. Adv. Sci. for 1836, 1837, 171. 

 Helinaia solitaria, Attd. Syn. 1839, 69.— Awd. BA. ii. 1841,98, pi. 111.— Pra«toi, Tr. Illinois 



Agric. Soc. 1855, 002.— Pittn. Pr. Ess. Inst i. 1856, 227 (Massachusetts). 

 MniOtilta solitaria, Gray, G. of B. i. 1848, 190. 

 Helmitberos solitaria^ Bp. C A. i. 1850, 315. 

 Helmitheros solitariu's, Sd. PZS. 1850, 291 (Cordova). 



Helmlntliophaga solitaria, Cab. MH. i. 1850, 20.— Twrnft. B. E. Pa. 1869, 23; Phila. ed. 16. 

 Pine Creeper, Ediv. Glean, pt. ii. 139, pi. 277, f. 2. (Not of Oatesby.) 



Figuier de la Louisiane, Z?ms. Orn. vi. 1760, App. 59 (based on Edwards's Pine Creeper; 

 not the bird described in the body of hi.s work, iii. 570, which is Catesby's Pine 

 Creeper, nor the bird of same name in p. 500, which is Parula americana). 

 Pine Warbler, Fenn. AZ. ii, 1785, 412, n. 31S.— Lath. Syn. ii. pt. ii. 1783, 483, n. 107. (Descrip- 

 tion mostly pertinent, but synonymy confused with that of Dendrceca pinus) . 

 Figuier des 8apius, Buff. "v. 276" [?]. 



Fauvette des Sapins, Sylvia pinus, Y. N. D. d'H. N. 2d ed. xi. 1817, 218 (description). 

 Fauvette jaune aux ailes bleues, T. Ency. Meth. ii. 1823, 4.50. 

 Blue-winged Yellow Warbler (or Swamp-Warbler), Authors. 



, [Note. — The synonymy of the Blue-winged Yellow Warbler, HelminthophagapimU, is 

 curiously involved with that of the Pine-creeping Waibler, Dendrceca pinus, but may 

 readily be disentangled. Wilson, in fact, understood the case, and showed that the confu- 

 sion arose from the fact that the "Pino Creeper" of Edwards and the "Pine-Creeper " of 

 Catesby are two different birds, wrongly supposed by Linnaius and Gmelin, as well as 

 by Brisson, Latham, and Pennant, to be the same species. Edwards, it seems, received 

 the Uelminthophaga from Bartram, and described and figured it (pi. 277) under the style 

 of the " Pino Creeper ". Edwards's bird became the Certhia pinus of Liuuffius, whoso diag- 

 nosis ("C. flava, supra olivacea, alis cferuleis fasciis duabus albis . . . lora nigra ") is 

 exclusively pertinent. Meanwhile, Catesby described and figured the Dendrceca under iho 

 same stylo of "Pine-Creeper ", Parus americanus lutescens (folio and pi. 01) ; his account is 

 poor and.his figure bad, aud they were mistaken to indicate the same bird that Edwards 

 treated of. Sd it fell out that the Oerthia pinus of LiunaBus and Gmelin, the Sylvia pinus 

 of Latham, and the Pine Warlder of Latham and Pennant include both birds, as far as 

 synonymy is concerned, though their descriptions all indicate the Uelminthophaga. Bris- 

 sou's "Mesango d'Am6rique, Parus americanus" is based solely on Catesby, and is the 

 Dendrceca; but, after thus handling the species in the body of his work (iii. 576), he gives 

 in the appendix (vi. 59) a certain "Figuier de la Louisiane", based solely on Edwards's 

 Pine Creeper (pi. 277), remarking the black loral stripe, as given by Edwards, and thus 

 unmistakably indicating the ITelminthophaga. But Bri.sson's " Figuier de la Louisiaue", 

 of the body of his work, ill. 500, is Parula americana. I have not been able to consult 

 ButTon ( 'v. 270"), and am consequently unable to say which of the two birds his 



