210 SYNONYMY OF PROTONOTARIA CITREA 



below whitish or flesh-colorecl, drying yellowish. Length, 4|-4J; extent 

 about 7| ; wing, 2i; tail, If. 



$ , in spring, like the male, the upper parts less brightly bluish, some- 

 times with a slight greenish gloss, the back-patch not so well defined ; less 

 white on the tail, the white wing-bands narrower, and the dark or reddish 

 tinting of the fore breast less decided or scarcely indicated, the yellow itself 

 being more restricted. 



Young of either sex in the fall have the bluish of the upper parts glossed 

 over with greenish, sometimes to such extent as to obscure the dorsal patch, 

 which is then not very different from the rest of the upper parts. White tail- 

 spots smaller, generally confined to two outer feathers on each side. White 

 wing-bands narrower. Edging of tail and wings tinged with greenish, like 

 the back. Eyelids not spotted -with white. Yellow of fore under parts 

 pale, with little or no indication of the dusky across the jugulum. White 

 of the under parts tinged "with yellowish posteriorly, and frequently show- 

 ing brownish touches along the sides. From the latter fact I am disposed 

 to think that the highest spring plumage of the males is not that with the 

 most golden-brown in the yellow of the breast and with the reddish along 

 the sides, but that iu which the heavier coloration is condensed into the 

 blackish jugular collar, leaving the rest of the yellow intact. 



Genns HELMINTHOPHAGA Cabanis 



The birds of this genus are distinguished among the War- 

 blers for the acuteness and attenuation of the bill, together 

 with the straightness of its several outlines, the entire absence 

 of notch near the tip, and lack of bristles at base. The wings are 

 long ;;nd pointed, in one species nearly half as long again as 

 the tail, which is even or slightly emarginate, narrow, and 

 rather short. The tarsi are longer than the middle toe. The 

 genus comprehends the "Worm-eating" or "Swamp" War- 

 blers, and is very closely related to both Frotonotaria and Jlel- 

 mintherus : species of all three were formerly included in the 

 genus Vermivora or HcUnaia of authors. Frotonotaria* is 



'Protonotaria citrea. — Protbonotary H'arbler. 



Motacnia citrea, Bodd Tabl. PE. 1783, 44 (PE. 704, f. 2). 



Mnlotnta ClCrca, Gray, G.of B. i. 1848, 196 (after Botldaert). 



Frotonotaria Citrea, £d. BNA. 1858, 239.— TTTimt Ohio Agrlc. Pvep. for 1860. 1861, 363.— 

 Oundl. J. f. O. 1861, 324 (Cuba).— Oomcs d- Prent. Siuitha. Eep. for 1861, 1862, -106 (Wash- 

 ington, D. C.).—Barn. Smiths. Rep. for 1860, 1861, 435 (Peunsylvauia). —CwndJ. 

 J. f. 0. 1862, 178 (Cuba).— rej-r. Pr. Best. Soc. ix. 1863, 233 (Maiue).— Bd. Eev. AB. 

 1864, 173.— Oowes, Pr. Boat. Soc. xii. 1868, 108 (South Carolina).— Co?(es, Pr. Ess. lust. 

 V. 1868, 269 ("New England", yerr.).—Lawr. Ann. Lye. N. T. ix. 1868, 94 (Costa 

 Rica) ; jbi.l. 1869, 200 (Yucatan).- rMm.&. B. E. Pa. 1869, 53; Ph'la. ed. 42.— i'. Frantz. 

 J. i. O. 1869, 292 (Costa Rica).— S. <£• 5. PZS. 1870, 780 (Merida).— Gw«d«. J. f. 0. 1872. 

 411 iCuha). —Ridgiv. Am. Nat. riii. 1874, lO^.—Iiidgiv. Ann. Lye. N. Y. x. 1874, 367 

 (niinois, abundant).— Snow, B. Kans. 1873, 4 (Neosho Falls, Kans.).— iJ. B. <£• R. NAB. 

 i. 1874, 184, figs., pi. 10, f. 8.— Brew. Pr.Bost. Soc. xvii. 187."i, 439 (New England). 



Frotonotaria citriea, Coues, Key, 1872, 93, f. 36.— Coj<m,BNW. 1874, 41.—Merr. Am. Nat. 

 viii. 1874, 81.—Nehon, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, i. 1876, 42 (Illinois).- Jfinot, B. N. Engl. 



nclmlnlbophaga citrea, Cab. J. f. O. 1861, 85 (Costa Rica). f 1877, 90. 



