76 George Dahl, 



Nicolaus of Damascus is Josephus' principal source in Loth these 

 passages'. Destinon (pp. 17 ff.) accounts for the difference (cp. the 

 addition of the name " Scaixrus " in B.J.) on the theory that 

 while Josephus used Nicolaus as his source in both the Antiquities 

 and the Jewish War, he excerj^ted the two histories independently, 

 using or omitting each time such material as he chose. Holscher 

 is inclined to find in the variations in the two accounts evidence of 

 the vise by Josephus of an additional source. 



As has already been suggested, the inclusion in this passage of 

 Dor among the cities subject to the Jews is open to question. In 

 the troublous days of party dissension that followed the death of 

 the ambitious invader, Alexander Jannaeus, it is hardly probable 

 that the nation could have kept control of its outlying dependen- 

 cies*. In the absence of definite corroboration of the details of 

 Josephus' account, Ave must hold in suspense a decision in regard 

 to Dor's relations to Judaea at the time of Pompey's arrival. But 

 we have no reason to doubt that Dor was made by him a so-called 

 "free" city\ The coins of the city establish this fact beyond 

 any possibility of a doubt\ 



ANTIQUITIES XIV, 5:3 AND BELLUM JUDAICUM I, 8:4. 



In Ant. XIV, 5:3 all the manuscripts except Pal. include Awpa 

 among the cities restored by Gabinius, the proconsul, in 57 B. C. 

 The parallel passage in B.J. I, 8: 4 has Awpeos in most manuscripts; 

 but two good manuscripts read 'ASwjoeos. The correct reading is 

 undoubtedly *A8capa (or 'ASwpeos). The fact that it is mentioned 

 along with Marisa points to the Idumean city Adora as the one 

 here referred to. Xiese is therefore correct in reading "ASwpa in the 

 passage in Antiquities. How easily the change from Dora to 

 Adora can take place is illustrated by the passage Ant. XIII, 6:5, 

 where all the manuscripts read Awpa noXiv rrj^ 'iSoti/Aatas, yet where, 

 as a comparison of 1 Mace. 13:20 proves, "ASwpa is clearly meant\ 



^ So Destinon, Holscher, Schiirer. Margoliouth. 



^ It has been suggested above that we are none too certain that Dor was 

 ever taken in possession bj^ the Jews. 



"These "free" cities wei'e, of course, subject to miUtary duties under 

 Rome. Cp. Schiirer, G.J.V. II, 105. 



■* Hill, Greek Coins of Phoenicia, p. 117. 



= Schiirer, G.J.V. II, 7 ; Reland, Palaedina, pp. 738-741; cp. also Contra 

 Ap. II, 9 below. — Perhaps the similarity in uncial script between A and A 

 may have liad something to do with the miswritingof "Ac5wpa. 



