History of Dor. 23 



would seem to be the basis for the construct singular form HSJ '"^iid 

 for the construct plural n15^ '• The reference in the passages cited 

 would then be to the "height" or "heights" of Dor% probably in 

 the hilly and rolling country east of the town proper'. The pres- 

 ence of guard houses cut in the sides of the })assage through the 

 ridge near Dreihemeh* would indicate that a garrison was kept 

 there. Without doubt the strategic heights behind the city were 

 also fortified ; in connection with this outpost of the harbor town a 

 settlement would naturally grow up\ To this settlement on the 

 heights, and to the district in which it lay, the name "^^?'^ HQ^ 

 seems to have been given. The use of the name in the Old Testa- 

 ment, and the occurrence of the plural nl5J • suggest that a con- 

 siderable territory was included in the term. In the DQ"1 DOti^ 

 (="High Heavens") district of Sidon, referred to on the stones of 

 the temple of Esmun excavated near that city, there seems to be a 

 sort of pai-allel to the term "^^{"^ JlDJ • This "High Heavens" of 

 the Sidonian inscription seems to be the designation of a district or 

 suburb of the city located, like Napbath Dor, in the hilly region to 

 the East\ The existence of a town on the mainland at Tyre, called 

 TlaXatTv/Dos^ and the presence of similar off-shoots from the city 

 proper in the case of many of the coast towns, add strong confirma- 

 tion to our explanation of the origin of the name Naphath Dor. 



Opposed to this interpretation of the name is Symmachus'* ren- 

 dering of n^J as y] -rrapaXia. In Joshua 11 : 2 he renders "11"! nliJ^I 



1 The long vowel v in the first syllable of the construct indicates that the 

 root of the noun is middle weak ; cf. ri;0(N)'^ i" B.D.B., p. 928. For ^^^ 

 see below. 



'-' A.R.V. , "height"; A.V., "region, coast, border, country". G.A.S. 

 {Hist. Geog., j). 654) defines the word as "elevation, raised land". 



^Ges., r/ies., 331 says: " Excelsuni fortasse promoutorium ". "Promou- 

 torium" is improbable, especially in view of the jn2j~'73 of 1 Kings 4: 11, 

 which implies a larger area than the slight promontory at Dor. The 

 Carniel promontory would scarcely be referred to in that passage. 



•• See page 14. 



'•" The ruins of Dreihemeh itself prove that such suburbs of Dor actually 

 existed. 



« C. C. Torrey in Jour. Am. Orient. Sac. XXIII, pp. 164 ft". ; Cp. XXIV, p. 

 215 ; XXIX, pp. 193 f.; Eiselen, Sidon, pp. 144 f. 



'' Hast., D.B., s.v. Tyre ; Enc. Bib. s.v. 



^ F. Field, Origenis Hexapla, in locis. 



