566 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. los 



I am of the opinion that Pseudoceros grains Kato (1937, also 1943) 

 is identical with Eurylepta striata Schmarda (1859). To be sure, 

 the former is described as white with black stripes and the latter 

 as buff with dark brown stripes but the identity of size, shape, and 

 color pattern outweigh such slight color differences which can be 

 caused by ingested food. As the name striata is preoccupied b}'' 

 Eurylepta striata Kelaart (1858), it appears that Kato's name gratus 

 is valid. Therefore the proposal of strigosus by Marcus (1950) to 

 cover the Kelaart-Sclmiarda homonymy is unnecessary. 



The genus is characteristic of tropical and subtropical waters and 

 appears to center in the Indo-West Pacific area. 



Pseudoceros perviolaceus, new name 



Eurylepta violacea Schmarda, 1859, p. 27. 



Pseudoceros violaceus, Stummer-Traunfels, 1933, p. 3544. 



Not Planaria violacea Kelaart, 1858, p. 135. 



Remarks: A specimen referred to this species that was collected 

 in the Palau Islands, July 22, 1954, was sent to the American Museum 

 of Natural History in a lot of miscellaneous material. No other data 

 are available. The specimen conforms satisfactorily to the original 

 description and figure and with Stummer-Traunfels' statements made 

 from Schmarda's specimen. The original specimen from Ceylon 

 measured 60 by 40 mm., the present one 25 by 13, but presumably 

 Schmarda's measm-ements are from life. The present specimen re- 

 tains the shape depicted by Schmarda, that is, is broad across the 

 anterior end and narrows regularly toward the posterior end. There 

 is but a single male apparatus as discovered by Stummer-Traunfels. 

 The violet or purple color had dissolved badly in the alcohol which 

 was stained a reddish purple, leaving the animal of a uniform medium 

 brown color. 



It was necessary to create a new specific name for Schmarda's 

 species as the name violacea is preoccupied by Planaria violacea 

 Kelaart, which is a Pseudoceros but definitely not identical with 

 Schmarda's species for it has a broadly oval shape and a yellow 

 margin and middorsal stripe. It appears improbable that Schmarda's 

 species can be a variant of Pseudoceros velutinus as supposed by 

 Lang (1884, p. 540), for the shape of this is quite different although 

 it, too, has but a single male apparatus. 



The specimen is retained in the invertebrate section of the American 

 Museum of Natural History. 



Pseudoceros bedfordi Laidlaw, 1903 



Remarks: This large and handsome pseudocerid is easily recog- 

 nized by the distinctive color pattern, accurately depicted by Bock 



