THE FOX-COLORED SPARROW. 325 



wild oats, and insects. They have no song ; are distinguished by a 

 single chip or cheep, uttered in a rather hoarser tone than that of 

 the Song Sjjarrow ; flirt the tail as they fly ; seldom or never take 

 to the trees, but skulk from one low bush or swampy thicket to 

 another." 



Sub-Family Passerellin^e. — The Bantings. 



Toes and claws very stout; the lateral claws reaching bej'ond the middle of the 

 middle one ; all very slightly curved. 



Bill conical, the outlines straight; both mandibles equal; wings long, longer 

 than the even tail, reaching nearly to the middle of its exposed portion ; hind claw 

 longer than its digit ; its toe nearly as long as the middle toe ; tarsus longer than 

 the middle toe; brown above, either uniformly so or faintly streaked; triangular 

 spots below. 



PASSERELLA, Swainson. 



Passerella, Swainson, Class. Birds, II. (1837) 288. (Type Fringilla iliaca, 

 Merreni.) 



Body stout; bill conical, not notched, the outlines straight; the two jaws of 

 equal depth; roof of upper mandible deeply excavated, and vaulted, not knobbed; 

 tarsus scarcely longer than the middle toe ; outer toe little longer than the inner, its 

 claw reaching to the middle of the central one; hind toe about equal to the inner 

 lateral; the claws all long, and moderatelj' curved only; the posterior rather longer 

 than the middle, and equal to its toe; wings long, pointed, reaching to the middle 

 of the tail ; the tertials not longer than secondaries; second and third quills longest; 

 tirst equal to the fifth; tail very nearly even, scarcely longer than the wing; inner 

 claw contained scarcely one and a half times in its toe proper. 



Color. — Rufous or slatj' ; obsoletely streaked or uniform above ; thickly spotted 

 with triangular blotches beneath. 



PASSERELLA ILIACA. — Swainson. 



The Fox-colored Sparrow. 



Fringilla iliaca, Audubon. Orn. Biog., II. (1834) 58; V. 512. 

 Passerella iliaca, Swainson. Birds, II. (1837) 288. 

 Frinyilla rufa, Wilson. Am. Orn., III. (1811) 53. 



Desckiption. 

 Middle of the back dull-ash, each feather with a large blotch of brownish-red; 

 top of head and neck, with rump, similar, but with smaller and more obsolete 

 blotches; upper tail coverts, with exposed surface of wings and tail, bright-rufous; 

 beneath white, with the upper part of the breast and sides of throat and body with 

 triangular spots of rufous, and a few smaller ones of blackish on the middle of the 



