560 



ANAS OBSCURA, DUSKY DUCK. 



Anas adunca, Linn., Syst. Nat. i, 1766, 206.— Gm., Syst. Nat. i, 1783, 538.— Jen., Man. 



234.— Donovan, Br. Birds, is, pi. 218. 

 Anas domcstica, Gm., Syst. Nat. i, 1788, 538. 



Anas {Boschas) domcstica, Sw. & Eicii., F. B. A. ii, 1831, 442.— Nutt., Man. ii, 1834, 378. 

 Anas curvirosira, Pall. (Gray.) 

 Anas frei/cineli, Bp. {(rray.) 



Anas /era, Bki88. — Lkacu, Cat. M. aiul B. Br. Mus. 1816, 39. 

 Anas archiboschas, suhboschas, conboschas, Brehm, V. D. 862, 864, 865. 



Among liybrids, proven or presumed, of the Mallard -witli other Ducks, are the fol- 

 lowing: 



Anas i)ur2}nrcoiiridis, Schinz. {Muscovy ?) 

 Anas wi«J!i»ift,Go.ssE, B. Jam. 1847, 399. {Muscovy?) 

 Anas bicolor, Donovan, Br. Birds, ix, pi. 212. {Muscovy?) 

 Anasbreweri,AvD.,Ovn. Biog. iv, 1838, 302, pi. 3^S {{"glocitans"); Syn. 1839,277; B. 



Am. vi, 1843, 252, pi. 387. {Gcuhmllf or CanvasbacM) 

 Anas audnboni, Bp., List, 1838, 56 (" bimaculata"). (Same as bretveri.) 

 Fuliyula viola, Bell, Ann. Lye. N. Y. v, 1852, 219. {Muscovy 1) 

 Anas iopareia, Phil., Arch. Naturg. i, 1860, 25 ; P. Z. S. 1866, 531. {Muscovy.) 



Hob. — Nearly cosmopolitan, and nearly everywhere domesticated. Wild throughout 

 the whole of North America, breeding sparingly throughout the United States, as well 

 as further north. Very rare and scarcely found in New England beyond Massachu- 

 setts, where apparently' replaced bv the Duskv Duck. Greenland (Reinh., Ibis, iii, 

 1861, 13). Cuba (Cab. J. f. 0. v, 1857, 229). Bahamas (Bry., Pr. Bost. Soc. viii, 1859). 

 Panama (Lawk., Ann. Lye. N. Y. %'iii, 63). 



List of specimens. 



Deer Creek 



.... do 



Rosebud.. . 



$ 

 9 

 $ 



Apr. 13, 1860 

 Apr. 13, 1860 

 Sept. 15, 1860 



F.V.Hayden. 



....do ..' 



G. H. Trook.. 



Lienienant Warren^ s Expedition. — No. 9691, Upper Missouri. 



Later Expeditions.— 59877 , Colorado; 60853-7, Sweetwater and North Platte; 61107-7, 

 Bass Creek and Green River; 62464-5, North Fork, Idaho. 



Abundant throughout the Missouri region, in suitable situations, 

 especially during the migrations. Many breed in various i)laces, and 

 during the fall movement Mallards are conspicuous among the hordes 

 of wild fowl that throng the waters of this part of the continent. 



ANAS OBSCURA, Gmelin. 

 Dusky Duck; Black Duck. 



a. ohscura. 



Anas ohscura, Gm., Syst. Nat. i, 1788, 541.— Lath., Ind. Oru. ii, 1790, S71.~AViLS., Am. 

 Orn. viii, 1814, 141, pi. 72, f. 5; Ord's ed. viii, 155.— Vieill.,Nouv. Diet, v, 1816, 

 131 ; Enc. Meth. i, 1823, 146.— Steph., Gen. Zool. xii, 1824, 104.— Bp., Obs. Wils. 

 182.'>, No. 260 ; Syn. 1828, 234 ; List, 1838, 56 ; C. R. 1856, 649.— NuTT., Man. ii, 

 183 ;, 392.— Gray, List B. Br. Mus. 1844, 135 ; Gen. of B. iii, 1849, 615.— AUD., 

 Orn. Biog. iv, 1838, 15, pi. 302; Syn. 1839, 276 ; B. Am. vi, 1843, 244, pi. 386.- 

 Eyt., Mou. Auat. 1838, 140.— GiR., B. L. I. 1844, 301.— DeK.vy, N. Y. Zool. ii, 

 184 i, 344.— C.VB., J. f. O. V, 1857, 229 (Cuba).— Bd., B. N. A. 1.^58, 775.— Purx., 

 Pr. Ess. Inst, i, 1856, 219. — Verk., ibid, iii, 1862, 154 (Maine, breeding). — Allen, 

 ibid, iv, 1864, 78 (Massachusetts, breeds). — McIlwk., ibid, v, 1866, 94 (Canada 

 West).— COUES, ibid. V, 1868, 298.— Wheat., Ohio Agric. Rep. 1860, No. 241.— 

 COUES, Pr. Phila. Acad. 1861, 238 (Labrador, breeding). — CoUES & Prent., 

 Smiths. Rep. 1861, 417 (winter).— Boardm., Pr. Bost. Soc. ix, 1862, 129 (Maine, 

 resident).— Blak., Ibis, 1863, 146.— Schl., Mus. P.-B. viii, 1815, 41.— Lawr., 

 Ann. Lye. N. Y. viii, 1866, 296.— Dress., Ibis, 1866, 42 (Texas).— Coues, Pr. 

 Boot. Soc. xii, 1868, 724 (South Carolina, winter). — Allen. Mem. Bost. Soc. i, 

 1868, 502 (Iowa, in summer).- Turnjj., B. E. Pa, 1869, 35.— Mavn., Guide, 1870, 

 147 (Mass;;chusetts, breeding); Pr, Bost. Soc. 1871, — Allen, Bull. M. C. Z. ii, 

 1871, 363 (Florida).— Coues, Pr. Phila. Acad. 1871, 36 (North Carolina).— 

 Coues, Key, 1872, 285.— Snow, B. Kans. 1873, 11 (Kansas). 



