PROGNE PURPUREA, PURPLE MARTIN. 91 



sas, where it breeds. I found it breediug in the mouutaiu.s of Arizona, 

 where it arrives late in April, and remains through the greater part of 

 Sei^tember. Br. Heermann records its breeding in Texas ; Mr. Allen 

 notes its occurrence, in summer, in different parts of the west; Drs. 

 Cooper and Suckley found it from May to August near the Columbia 

 River. These records, joined with those we have from the Eastern 

 States, show that the species, like other tSwallows, has a breeding range 

 about co-extensive with its dispersion in the United States. In some 

 places it is stated to burrow, like the Bank Swallow, in soft earth; 

 elsewhere it has been found breediug about the i^iers and abutments of 

 bridges, &c. 



PR0G:N^E purpurea, (Linn.) Boie. 



Purple Martin. 



■Birundo suUs, Linn., Syst. Nat. i, 10th ed. 1758, 192 ; 12th ed. 1763, 344. 



Frogne subis, Bd., Rev. 1865, 274.— Coues, Pr. Phila. Aciul. 1883, 72 ; Pr. Ess. lust, v, 

 1868, 276.— SuMiCH., Meui. Bost. Soc. i, 1839, 547 (Onzabu).— Stev., U. S. Geol. 

 feurv. Ter. 1870, 463.— Allen, Bull. :.I. C. Z. iii, 1872. 56. 



Hirundo purpurea, Linn., Syst. Nat. i, 1766, 344.— Gm., Svst. Nat. i, 1788, 1020.— Lath., 

 lud. Oru. ii, 1790, 578.— Wils., Am. Orn. v, ,58, pi. 39, f. 2, 3.— Br., Syn. 1828, 

 64.— AUD., Orn. Biog. i, 1831, 115; v, 1839, 408; pi. 23; Syu. 1839, 37 ; B. Am. 

 i, 1840, 170, pi. 45.— NuTT., Man. i, 1832, 598.— Gnj., B. L. I. 1844, 34.— Jones, 

 Nat. Berm. 34.— Maxlm., J. f. O. vi, 1858, 101.— Tiuppe, Pr. Ess. lust, vi, 1871, 

 114 (Minnesota). 



Progne purpurea, Boie, Isis, 1826, 971.— Bp., List, 1838, 8 ; Cousp. i, 1850, 337.— Woodh., 

 Sitgr. Rep. 1853, 65.— Cass., 111. 1855, 47.— Newu., P. R. R. Rep. vi, 1857, 79.— 

 Bkew., N. a. O. 1857, 103, pi. 4, f. 47.— Bd., B. N. A. 1858, 314.— Hkekm., P. R. 

 R. Rep. X, 1859, pt. vi, 35.— Coop. & Suck., N. H. Wash. Ter. 18G0, 186.— Scl., 

 Cat. 1862, 38.— Ha YD., Rep. 1862, 162.— Blak., Ibis, 1863, 65 (Saskatehewan).— 

 MclLWR., Pr. Ess. Inst, v, 1866, 87 (Canada).- Coop., B. Cal. 1870, 113.— CoUES, 

 Key, 1872, 114 ; and of most late writers. 



Eiruvdo violacea, Gm., Syst. Nat. i, 1788, 1026. 



Hirundo (Cccropis) violacea, Less., Compl. Buif. viii, 498. 



Hirmido carulea, Vieill., O. A. S. i, 1807, 57, pis. 26, 27. 



Hirundo versicolor, Vieill., Nouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xiv, 1817, 509, 



Hirundo ludoviciana, Cuv., Regne Aniui. i, 1817, 374. 



(?) Hirundo chahjhea, Maxim., Beitr. iii, 354. 



{^,) I'rognc cryptolcuca, Bd., Rev. 1865, 277 {= Eirundo ptirpurea, D'Orbig., La Sagra's 

 Cul)a, Ois. 1840, 94 ; Progne purpurea, Cab., J. f. O. iv, 1856, 3). Cnba. 



{".) Progne degans, Bd., Rev. 1865, 275 (Vermejo River, Paraguay ; supposed identical 

 •with P. eleqans, Dakw., Voy. Beagle, 38, Buenos Ayres). 



(?) Progne f areata, Bd., Rev. Iw65, 248 (Chili). 



(Other references to the supposed P. purpurea of South America are : Bckm., Syst, 



Ueb. iii, 140; Schomb., Guiana, 671; Tsciutdi, Fn. Peru, ii, 132; Pelz., Orn. Bras, i, 



10.— Sec ScLATER, P. Z. S. 1872, 605. The Galiipagoes si)ecics or variety is : P. concolor, 



Gould, P. Z. S. 1837, 22; P. modenia, Gould, Voy. Beagle, 39, pi. 5.) 



£ra&.— United States and British provinces (north to Canada and the Saskatchewan). 

 Mexico. (OCuba. (/) Greater part of Soutli America. Breeds in most of its United 

 States range; winters beyond. Accidental in Great Britain (Yarrell, Br. Birds, 2d 

 ed., li, 257 ; 3d ed., ii, 267 ; Grag, List, Br. B. 34 ; Harling, Br. Birds, 125). 



Lieutenant IRirren's Expedition.— 4Mb->*, Cedar Island; 4770-4, "Nebraska;" 5204, 

 Fort Union ; .5205, Blackfoot country. 



Later Expeditions. — 60418-19, Bitter Cottonwood, Wyoming, 



Not obtained by Caiitain Raynolds' Expedition. 



Family AMPELlDrE : Waxwiiigs. 



AMPELIS GARRULUS, Linn. 



Bolicinian AVa.vniiig. 



Lanius garmhis, LiNX., Fu, Suec. 82. 



Ampelia garrulus, I>inn., Syst. Nat. i, 1766, 297.— Bi'., Cnnsp. Av. i, ]S50. 336.— P.p., B. N. 

 A. 1858, 307 (soutliwcBt to Fort Riley, Kansas ; also, p. 92:5, " millions " on Powder 



