90 STELGIDOPTERYX SERRIPENNIS, ROUGH-WIXGED SWiVLLOW. 



Gin., B. L. 1. 1844, 37.— Lemr., AvesCnbfc, 1850, 47, pi. 7, f. 3.— JoxKS, Nat. Berm. 

 34. — Fowler, Am. Nat. iii, 18i>9, 116; ami of earlier authors generally. 



Hirundo r'qHiria americana, Maxim., J. f. O. vi, 1858, 101. 



Cotule rwaria, Boie, Isis, 1822, 550.— Bp., Coiisp. Av. 1850, 342. — Woodh., Sitgr. Rep. 

 1853, C5.— Cass., 111. 1855, 247.— Cab., J. f. O. 1856, 4 (Cuba).- Newb., P. R. R. 

 Rep. vi, 1857, 78.— Brew., N. Am. O.jI. 1857, 10.5, pi. 4, f. 49.— Bo., B. N. A. 1858, 

 313; Rev. 1865, 319.-Heerm., P. R. R. Rep. x, 18.59, pt. vi, 36.— Gundl., J. f. 

 O. 1861 (330).— Hayd., Rep. 1862, 162.— March, Pr. Phila. Acad. 1863, 297 (Ja- 

 maica).— Dall & Banx., Tr. Chic. Acad, i, 1869, 280 (Alaska).— Couks, Pr. 

 Phila. Acad. 1866, 72 (Arizona).— Coop., B. Cal. i, 1870, 110 (California).— Allex, 

 Bull. M. C. Z. ii, 1871, 269 (Florida, iu winter) ; iii, 1872, 176.— Trippe, Pr. Bost. 

 Soc. 1872, 235.— AiKEX, ihid. 198.— Merr., U. S. Geol. Surv. Ter. 1872, 677.— 

 Sxow, B. Ivans. 1873, 5.— Coues, Key, 1872, 114; and of nearly aU late writers. 



Hirundo cinerea, Vieill., Nouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xiv, 1817, 526. 



Cotyle fluviatiUs et microrhijnchos, Brehm, Vtig. Deutschl. i, 142, 143. 



Hah. — Europe. The whole of North America. Bermudas. Cuba. Jamaica. Breeds 

 throughout the greater part of its North American range. Winters from the southern 

 coast southward. Not common on the Pacihc side. Brazil {Pelz., Oru. Braz. 1, 18. 



List of specimens. 



Lieutenant Warren's Expedition. — 5209-10, Yellowstone. 

 Later Expeditions. — 61664, Utah. 



Notable as one of the few species of Oscines, American and European specimens of 

 whicli are absolutely identical. 



Ascending the Missouri iu the spring of 1864, 1 saw thousands of these 

 birds along- the banks, which were, iu suitable jilaces, riddled with their 

 holes. Again, in the fall of 1872, higher up the river, I observed multi- 

 tudes of their deserted uests, often iu the soft ground capping the bluffs 

 where, a little below, the bottle-shaped nests of the Cliff Swallows were 

 fastened iu great masses. 



STELGIDOPTEEYX SERRIPENmS, (Aud.) Bd. 

 Roiigh-wiiigetl Swallow. 



Hirtindo serripennis, Aud., Orn. Biog. iv, 1838, 593 ; Syn. 1839, 37 ; B. A. 1, 1840, 193, pi. 51. 



Cotyle sci-ripennis, Bp., Consp., Av. i, 1850, 342.— Cass., 111. i, 1855, 247. — Brew., N. A. 

 Oiil. i, 1857, 106, pi. 4, f. 50.— Bd., B. N. A. 1858, 313.— Heerm., P. R. R. Rep. x, 

 1859, pt. vi, 36. — Kenx., ihid. pt. iv, 24. — Newb., ihid. vi, 1857, 79. — Coop. & 

 Suck., N. H. Wash. Ter. 1860, 186.— ScL., Cat. A. B. 1802, 41 ; (?) P. Z. S. 1856, 

 285 (Cordova) ; (f) 1859, 364 (Jalapa)— (?) Scl. & Salv., Ibis, i, 1859, 13 (Gua- 

 temala), 126.— (?) Owen, Ibis, iii, 1861, 61 (Guatemala)— Lord, Pr. Roy. Arty. 

 Inst, iv, 1864, 116 (British Columbia).— Coop., Pr. Cal. Acad. 1670, 75;'B. Cal. 

 1870, 110.— Allex, Bull. M. C. Z. iii, 1872, 176 (Kansas and Utah).— Sxow, 

 B. Kans. 1873, 5 (common). 



Stelnidojyterjjx serripennis, Bd., Rev. 1865, 316. — Coues, Pr. Phila. Acad. 1866, 72 (Arizona) : 

 Key, 1872, 114. 



Hah. — United States, from Atlantic to Pacific, excepting perhaps New England. 

 British Columliia. South into Mexico ( I to Guatemala ; compare C. fulvipennis, SCL., 

 P. Z. S. 1859, 364; Ibis, 1860, 31). 



Not obtained by any of the Expeditions. 



It appears to me improbable that tiny Cotyle fulvipennis, based on a young bird, is dis- 

 tinct from the present species. My Arizona birds-of-the-year, as described {I. c.), seem 

 to answer the description of fulvipennis, though they have subsequently l>een found 

 inseparable from serrijyennis. It would not be surprising, indeed, if it proved necessary 

 to unite the several supposed species described from Central and Soutli America, and 

 Mexico. The ascribed characters seem very slight, and of a kind readily accounted 

 for by differences in sex, ago, and season of the specimens examined, with, of course, 

 discrepancies due to climatic influences. A series will probably be established of sev- 

 eral geographical races. 



This species was not noticed by any of the Expeditions, but its known 

 range includes the Missouri region. It is stated to be common in Kan- 



