206 CORVUS CRYPTOLEUCUS — C. AMERICANUS. 



COIiVUS CRYPTOLEUCUS, Couch. 



AVhite-iieeked Raven, , 



Corvits C)'ypto1encns,Covcu, Pr. Phila. Acad, vii, 1854, 60 (Tamaulipas). — Br>.. B. N. A. 

 18r)8, 5G5; Mex. B. Surv. ii, pt. ii, 185'J, Birds, p. 20.— Cooi-., B. Cal. i, 1870, 

 284.— Dress., Ibis, 186.5, 494 (liable Pass, Texas).— Coues, Key, 1872, 162.— 

 Aiken, Am. Nat. vii, 187:5, 16 (Cheyenne, Wyo. Ter.). — Aiken, Pr. Bost. Soc. 

 1872, 203 (" very common along the base of the mountains"). — B. B. & R., N. 

 A. B. ii, 1874, 242. 



Hah. — Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona. North to Colorado and Wyoming. Sonth 

 into Mexico. Said to be abundant on the Llano Estacado. Found near Tucson, Ari- 

 zona, by Lieutenant Bendire {eplst.) 



The known range of this species has been lately extended by Mr. C. 

 E. Aiken, who found it near Cheyenne; this brings it within the region 

 of the Missouri. Its peculiar character, of snowy-white bases of the 

 cervical feathers, has not been observed in any otlier of the North 

 American Corvi, but it occurs in a number of extialimital species.- It 

 is described as being considerably smaller than the Common IJaven, and 

 otherwise different ; but its relationship to some of its allies might jier- 

 haps be profitably investigated. In our Raven and Crows the bases of 

 the neck-feathers are plumbeous gray. The eggs of the White-necked 

 Raven are said to resemble those of the Common Raven, but to be paler, 

 and, it is to be presumed, smaller. 



Mr. Trii)pe writes me, that in Colorado the White-necked Raven " is 

 abundant along the edge of the plains in winter 5 not common in the 

 mountains; not observed during spring and summer. I did not succeed 

 in taking any specimens of this bird, but have no doubt that it is the 

 White-necked Raven. It is called " Crow " by the inhabitants, to distin- 

 guish it from the Raven proper. Its croak is different from that of the 

 Eastern Crow, being mucli harsher; in flight and actions it is very simi- 

 lar to that bird. I have seen this species, one hundred miles or more 

 east of the mountains, feeding on dead buffalo." 



CORVUS AMERICANUS, And. 

 • Common Crow. 



a. americamis. 



Corvus corone, Wii.s., Am. Orn. iv, 1811, 79, pi. 25, f. 3.— Bp., Syn. 1828, 56.— Sw. & Rich. 

 F. B. A. ii, 1831, 291.— Niitt., Man. i, 1832, 209. 



Corvus americamts, AuD., Orn. Biog. ii, 1834, 317; v, 1839; 477; pi. 156; Syn. 1839, 

 156; B. Am. iv, 1842, 87, pi. 225.— Bp., List, 1838, 29 ; Cousp. i, 1850, 385.— 

 NUTT., Man. i, 2d ed. 1840, 221.— Maxi.m., Reise, i, 1839, 140 ; J. f. O. vi, 1858, 

 198.— Gill., B. L. L 1844, 151.— Newb., P. R. R.Rep. vi, 1857, 82.— Bi)., B.N. A. 

 1858, 566.— Heehm., P. R. R. Rep. x, 1859, vi, 54.— DiiESs., Ibis, 1865, 494 

 (Texas).— Coop. &. SccK., N. II. Wash. Ter. 1860, 211, pi. 23.— Coues, Pr. 

 Phila. Acad. 1861, 226 (Lahradoi).— Stkv., U. S. Geol. Surv. Ter. 1870, 465.— 

 Allen, Bull. M. C. Z. iii, 1872, 178.— Snow, B. Kans. 1873, 8.— Hold., Pr.Bost. 

 Soc. 1872, 203 (Wyoming).— Coues, Key, 1872, 162.— B. B. & R., N. A. B. ii, 

 1874, 243, pi. 37, f. 5 ; and of authors generally. 



b ? caurinus. 



Corvus caurinus, Bd., B. N. A. 1858, 569.— Coop. & Suck., N. H. Wash. Ter. I860, 24, pi. 

 24.— D.\LL & Bann., Tr. Chic. Acad, i, 1869, 286.— Coop., 13. Cal. i. 1870, 285.— 

 FiNScn, Abh. Nat. iii, 1872, 41.— B. B. & R., N. A. B. ii, 1874, 248. ' 



Coitus omericanus var. caurinus, Coues, Key, 1872, 163. 



c. floridanus. 



Corvus americanus vav. floridanus, Bd., B. N. A. 1858,568. — CoUES, Key, 1872, 163. — B. B. 

 & R., N. a. B. ii, 1874, 247. 



