584 



MERGUS SEERATOli, RED-BREASTED MERGANSER. 



Mergus castor, Linn., Syst. Nat. i, 1766, 209.— Gm., Syst. Nat. i, 1788, 545.— Lath., Ind. 

 Orn. ii, 1790, 829.— Keys. & Blas., Wirb. Eur. 88.— Gkay, Gen. of B. iii, 629. 



Merganser- castor. Bi\, Coiup. List, 1838, 59. — Macgil., Man. Orn. ii, 194. 



Merganser castor var. amerkunus, Bp., Compt. Rend, xliii, 1856. 



Me)-ganser raii, Leach, Syst. Cat. M. and B. Br. Mus. 36. 



Merganser gulo, Steph., Gen. Zool. xii, 161, pi. .53. — Leach, I. c. 



Mergus americamis, Cass., Pr. Pbila. Acad. 1853, 187.— Bd., B. N. A. 1858, 813.— Coop. & 

 Suck., N. H. Wash. Ter. 1860, 263.— Ha yd.. Rep. 1862, 176.— Dkess., Ibis, 1866, 

 44 (Texas).— Stev., U. S. Geol. Surv. Ter. 1870, 466.— Dall, Pr. Cal. Acad. 1873 

 (Aleutians). — Dall &. Bann., Tr. Cbic. Acad, i, 1869, 3Ul (Alaska).— Finsch, 

 Abh. Nat. iii, 1872, 70.— Snow, B. Kans. 1873, 11 ; and of many late United 

 States writers. 



Hab, — North America. Europe. Asia. 



List of specimens. 



Lieutenant Warren's Expedition. — No. 5473, Yellowstone River. 

 Later Expeditions. — 60858-60, Fort Bridget and Sweetwater. 



MERGUS SERRATOE, Linn. 



Red-breasted Merganser; Fishing Duclf. 



Mergus serrator, Linn., Syst. Nat. i, 1766, 208.— Gm., Syst. Nat. 1788, 546.— Lath., Ind. 

 Orn. ii, 1790, 829.— Pall., Zoog. R.-A. ii, 1811, 287.— III., Prod. 1811, 278.— 

 WiLS., Am. Orn. viii, 1814, 81, pi. 69.— Temm., Man. 1815, 579; ii, 1835, 884; 

 iv, 1840, 556.— BoiE, Isis, 1822, 564.— Licht., Verz. 1823, 85.— Brehm, Eur. Vog. 

 1823, 855.— Bp., Obs. Wils. 1825, No. 249 ; Syn. 1828, 397.— Flem., Br. An. 1828, 

 129.— Sw. & Rich., F. B. A. ii, 1831, 462.— Nutt., Man. ii, 1834, 463.— Jen., Man. 

 1835, 249.— Eyt., Mon. Anat. 1838, 175.— Aud., Orn. Biog. v, 1839, 92, pi. 401 ; 

 Syn. 1839, 298; B. Am. vi, 1843, 395, pi. 412.— Keys. & Blas., Wirb. Eur. 1840, 

 88.— Selys-L., Fn. Belg. i, 1842, 147.— Macgil., Man. ii, 1842, 194.— Naum., V. 

 D. xii, 1844, 333, pi. 325.— Gray, List B. Br. Mus. 1844, 147 ; Gen. of B. iii, 1849, 

 629 ; List Br. B. 1863, 209.— DeKay, N. Y. Zool. ii, 1844,319.— GiR., B. L. 1. 1844, 

 342.— SCHL., Rev. Crit. 1844, 121 ; Mus. P.-B. viii, 1865, 3.— Degl., Orn. Eur. ii, 

 1849, 480.— Reich., Syst. Av. 1852, ix.— Bp., Compt. Rend. Sept. 1856.— Newb., 

 P. R. R. Rep. vi, 1857, 104.— Bd., B. N. A. 18.58, 814.— MuRR., Edinb. N. Journ. 



1859, 231.— Maxim., J. f. O. vii, 1859, 242.— Coop. & Suck., N. H. Wash. Ter. 



1860, 264.— SwiNH., Ibis, ii, 1860, 67 : iii, 1861, 344 ; v, 1863, 434 ; P. Z. S. 1863, 

 323.— Reinh., Ibis, iii, 1861, 14.— Co'uES, Pr. Phila. Acad. 1861, 241 ; Pr. Bost. 

 Soc. xii, 1868, 125 ; Pr. Ess. Inst, v, 1868, 201 ; Pr. Phila. Acad. 1871, 27; Key, 

 1872, 296.— Ross, Canad. Nat. Apr. 1862.— Verr., Pr. Ess. Inst, iii, 1862, 153.— 

 Boardm., Pr. Bost. Soc. ix, 1862, 140.— Blak., Ibis, 1863, 150.— Wright, Ibis, 

 1864, 1.56.— Degl.-Gerbe, Orn. Eur. 1867, .570.— Dall & Bann., Tr. Chic. Acad. 

 1869, 201.— TuRNB., B. E. Pa. 1869, 37.— Finsch, Abh. Nat. iii, 1872, 72.— Snow, 

 B. Kans. 1873, 11. 



Merganser serrator, Vieill., Eucy. Meth. i, 1823, 102.— Steph., Gen. Zool. xii, 1824, 165 



("sm-ate").- Bp., List, 1838, 59. 

 Mergus niger, Gm., Syst. Nat. i, 1788, 546. 

 Mergus cristatus, Bp.unn., Orn. Bor. 1764, No. 95. 

 Mergus leucomelas, Brehm, V. D. 1831, 947. 



Hah. — Northern hemisphere. 



MERGUS CUCULLATUS, Linn. 



Hooded Merganser, 



Mergus cucullatus, Linn., Syst. Nat. i, 1766, 207.— Gm., Syst. Nat. i, 1788, 544.— Lath., 

 Ind. Orn. ii, 1790, 830.— Bp., Obs. Wils. 1825, No. 251 ; Syn. 1828, 397.— Sw. & 

 Rich., F. B. A. ii, 1831, 463.— Nutt., Man. ii, 1834, 465.— Jen., Man. 1835, 249.— 



