PODICEPS CORNUTUS, HORNED GREBE. 



731 



Uutil tbo ap|iearance of my nrticle, tlio present birtl was considered identical 

 with that of the Old World. Such, however, is not the case. The differences prove 

 to be even more decided and more constant than I at first 8uj)posed ; in fact, I am 

 almost inclined to hold them as of specific vahie. The size is uniformly greater; the 

 bill disproportionately larger, stouter, differently shaped and colored ; the tarsus 

 longer, both absolutely and relatively to the length of the toes ; in fact, so much longer 

 as to rather invalidate one of the distinctions I drew between cristattis and ruhricoUis. 



Upon attentive re-examination of the types of Podiccps cooptri, which, iu l.-?G2, I 

 followed Mr. Lawrence in comparing with crhtutus, finding evident distinction from 

 the latter, I am now satisfied that they belong to the American var. holhiiUU of grinei- 

 geuci. The types were young birds, in very poor preservation, showing little or no dis- 

 tinctive color-marks, while the length of the tarsus, grading into the particular pro- 

 portions of tarsus and toes of cri>itaius, misled me as to their proper position. We have 

 now numerous specimens from the northwest coast, some just like the types, others iu 

 better plumage, showing the reddish of the neck of var. holhiJlU, and all inseparable 

 from uuquestioued American griscigeiia. My suspicions were first aroused by detecting 

 on the under parts of the type of tooptri traces of the peculiar dusky mottling charac- 

 teristic of griseigeiia and holhoUi, as contrasted with the pnre silky-white of the under 

 I)arts of cristaius ; when further examination, and esijecuiUy careful measurements of 

 the feet, led to the above-mentioned result. I append a table of measurements, &c., 

 of various American Iwlholli, the types of '^coopcri," typical griscigcna of Europe, ami 

 typical cristatus. 



* Bill broken. 



XoTE. — The wing is nie.".8ured with a straight-edge undt r tlu^ border, not over its convexity. Depth 

 of bill at posterior extremity of nostrils. Tarsus in' front, from iuotubur,iuc(! in miildli; of tibio-tar.sal 

 joint to tbii nick on the skin over the joint of middle toe. Middle toe from the last-named point to end 

 of the claw. 



There .seems to be little doubt that P. affinix, Salvadori, belongs here, to judge from 

 the life-size figure of the head published by Elliot, which is exactly matched by somo 

 of the specimens of ^^ coo2)vri" before n»e. 



PODICEPS CORNUTUS, Latb. 

 Horned Grobe. 



Colymhits auritua, Linn., pnrtim. 



CvliimbiiH (liijilUutun, MCi.L., Syst. Nat. 1770, 107. 



ColijiiihiiH ainiiituH, CJm., .Syst. Nat. i, TIM.- N.viM., Vog. Deutschl. i."^, 1838, 73L), pi. 244. 



Pori;f<;^j« rorHi(^(«, Lath., Iiid. Orn. ii, IIIKI, 7HJ. — Tk.mm., ^laii. Orii. islfi, 4()().— Hoik, 

 Isis, Ibti'i, 5t)I.— 8Ti:rii., Ci. Z. xiii. lr<'25, 9.— Ki;y.s. A l?i..\.s., Wirb. Eur. — Gkay, 

 Gen. of 15. iii, («:5.— Scm,., M. l'.-J5. ix, :U).— IU'., Syn. 1828, 417 ; List, 18:58, (i:..— 

 Sw. »t Rich., F. D. Am. ii, bSH. 411. — Nitt., Man. ii, 1834, 254.— AiT»., Oru. 

 IJiog. iii, IKC), 421), i)l. 20'.); Syn. 1K51», :{r>7 ; IJ. Am. vii, 1844, 31(3, pi. 4.-^I.— 

 On;., IJ. L. 1. 1844. 3r^l.— Lawi:., R N. A. ISV, Hi).").— 0< >()!•. A Sick., N. IL 

 Wash. Ter. 1H()(), 2f:?l.— L'oif.s, I'r. I'liila. Acad. IHU.', 2;!1.— Dam. A: Hann.. Tr. 

 Chic. Acad. 18li'J, 208. — l"iN,><cii, Abh. Nat. iii, lf^72, 70. — C'ouKS, K<y, 1872, 

 337. — Snow, 15. Kans. l.'^73, 12; and of authors geiieially. 



Dt/tca coniutus, Kalt, Sk. Ent. Eur. Thierw. 182U, 41. 



