5'j2 classification of the mail-cheeked fishes. 



naturale [etc.]. Opuscolo del signore C. S. Rafinesque Schmaltz. — Mes- 

 sina. Presso Giovanni del Nobolo. Con approvazione. 1810. [8vo, 70 pp., 

 2 folded pi. J 



Families, called orders (online), were recognized and chiefly named after 

 typical genera, e.g., Percidi Scaridi. 

 1820. Histoire naturelle des principales productions de . l'Enrope mdridionale et par- 

 ticulierement de celles des environs de Nice et des Alpea maritimes; par A. 

 Kisso, [etc.]. Tome troisietue.— A Paris, chez F. G. Levrault, libraire, [ etc.]. | 

 1826. [6vo.] 

 Most of t lie volume ( pp. 97-480, fig- 4 on pi. 2 to fig. 50 on pi. 16) was devote* 

 to the fishes. Various families were first instituted in this work, e. g.,, 

 Scorp4nide8, TrigUdee. 

 1829. Le Regne Animal distribue" d'apres son organisation, pour servir de base a 

 I'histoire naturelle desanimaux, et d'introduction a l'anatomie comparee, par 

 Georges Cuvier. [2 e ed.]. Paris. 1829. 

 1832. Saggio di una distribuzione metodica degli Animali Vertebrati di Carlo Luciano 

 Bonaparte, Principe de Musignano. Roma. Presso Antonio Boulzaler, 

 1831-:?2. [8vo., 86 pp.] 

 A translation of a part of the preceding article was soon published, viz: 

 Versuch einer methodischen Vertheilung der Wirbelthiere niit kaltem 

 Blut von Carl Lucian Bonaparte, Prinz von Musignano. <^lsis. 1833, col. I 

 1183—1229. 

 36 families with 62 subfamilies and 15 families not subdivided (=77 sub- 

 families) are named and defined: 

 1850. Conspectus systematis Ichthyologise Caroli Luciani Bonaparte. Editio refor- 

 mats. 1850. Apud E. T. Brill Acadeinke Typographum. [Lugduni Bata- 

 vorum.] [A large sheet with names of all divisions.] 

 21 orders, 82 families, and 185 subfamilies are admitted. 

 1854. A manual of natural history for the use of travellers ; being a description of the 

 families of the Animal and Vegetable Kingdoms: [etc]. By Arthur Adams, 

 M.R.C. S. ; E. L. S. ; M. R. E. S., Stettin; William Balfour Baikie, M. D.,, 

 [etc.] and Charles Barroo, [etc.]. London: John Van Voorst, Paternoster 

 Row, mdcccliv. [12mo, viii, 749 pp.] 

 The families and major groups of fishes are defined by Adams (pp. 78-110). 

 The work is of no real value, and Swainson is regarded as an authority 

 and subfamilies defined by him elevated to the rank of families. The 

 only importance of the work results from the fact that the names of 

 several families appear in it for the first time. 

 1859. Enumeratio specierum piscium hucusque in archipelago iudico observatorum, 

 [etc.], auctore Petro equite a Bleeker, [etc.]. Batavise, typis Lan»ii & 

 soc. 1859. [4°, xxxvi, 276 pp.] 

 1861. Catalogue of Fishes in the British Museum. By Albert Gunther, M. A., Mi 

 I)., etc. . . . Volume third. London: printed by order of the trustees. 

 1861. [8 (gen. title x). xxv, 586 pp.] 

 1872. Arrangement of the families of Fishes, or classes Pisces, Marsipobranchii, and 

 Leptocardii. Prepared for the Smithsonian Institution. By Thkodore 

 (Jii. i., M. 1)., I'll. 1 >. Washington : published by the Smithsonian Institution. 

 November, 1872, (Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. 247. — 8°. xlvi, 

 49 pp.) 

 1882. Synopsis of the Fishes of North America. By David S. Jordan and Charles 

 H.Gilbert. Washington: Government Printing Office. 1883. [8°, lvi,i 

 nils pp. Bull. IT. s. Nat. Mus.,No. Hi. ] 

 1885. The Standard Natural History. Edited by John Sterling Kingsley. Vol. 

 in. Lower Vertebrates, [etc.], Boston: S.E.Cassino and Company. 1885. 

 The authors of the ichthyological portion were S. W. Garman, Theodore 

 Gill, U. S. Jordan, and J. S. Kingsley. 



