28 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vou 68 



3. The pure races of these head lice should be regarded as distinct 

 varieties, for they differ in definite morphological characters. 



4. Most of the characters used by the earlier entomologists for 

 separating these varieties of man-infesting pediculi are not reliable 

 since they are based either upon characters of hybrids, or characters 

 that come under the category of individual variation, or those due to 

 faulty technique. 



5. No evidence was j^rocured during this investigation indicating 

 that the different primary races of mankind each harbored a different 

 variety of clothes louse, as well as a different variety of head louse. 

 The opinion still prevails that in certain races of man a distinct 

 variety of clothes louse developed from the head-louse type for that 

 race; while in other races no clothes-louse type distinctive from the 

 head louse developed. 



6. The monkey-infecting pediculids of America, so far as known, 

 fall into distinct species according to the hosts they infest, thus 

 indicating, to a certain degree at least, a parallel host and parasite 

 phylogeny. 



7. If these monkey hosts {Ateles, species) procured their lice from 

 man it was not from recent man but from human hosts that lived 

 tens of thousands of years ago — long enough to allow a species dif- 

 ferentiation to develop among the monkey hosts. 



EEFERENCES. 

 Bacot, a. 



1917. A Contribution to tlie Bionomics of Pediculus humnnus {vestimenti) 

 and Pediculus capitis. Parasitology, vol. 9, pp. 228-258, 4 figs. 

 Dalla Torre, von K. W. 



1908. Genera lusectorum, Aiioplura, 22 p., 1 pi. 

 De Geer, C. 



1778. Mem. Hist. Ins., vol. 7, pt. 1, pp. G2-G9, pi. 1, figs. 6-10. 

 Demny, H. 



1842. Monographia Anoplurorum Britanniae, 202 pp., 2G pis. 

 Elliot, D. G. 



1913. A Review of the Primaries. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Mon. Ser., vol. 2, 

 (part on Ateles) pp. 21-48, pis. 2-3. 

 Enderlein, G. 



1904. Liiuse-Studien. Zool. Anz., vol. 28, p. 121-147, 15 figs. 

 EwiNG, H. E. 



1924. On the Taxonomy, Biology and Distrilmtion of the Biting Lice of 

 the Family Gyropidae. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 63, art. 20, pp. 

 1-42, 18 figs., 1 pi. 

 1924. Lice from Muman Mummies. Science, vol. 9, no. 1550, pp. 389-390. 

 Fahreniiolz, Von H. 



1912. Beitriige zur Kenntnis der Anopluren. Jahresb. d. Niedersach. Zool. 



Ver., ser. 2, pp. 1-00, figs. 1-23, pis. 1-3. 



1913. Ectoparasiten und Abstammungslehre. Zool, Anz., vol. 41, pp. 371-374. 

 1915. Lause ver.schiedener Menschenrassen. Zeitseh. f. Morph. u. Anthrop., 



vol. 17, pp. 691-602, figs. 1-5 b. 

 1917. Diagnosen neuer Anopluren. III. Zool. Anz., vol. 48, pp. 87-93. 



