N0.1338. JAPANESE CATEISHES—.TOnDAX AXD FOWLEB. 907 



cred with thin skin; jaws with broad bands of villiforni teeth, also on 

 the palate in a broad transverse band; lip.s moderately thick and 

 slightly papillose; nasal and median mental barbels about equal, al)out 

 half the length of the maxillary pair, which latter are much longer 

 than the outer mentals, though considerably shorter than the length 

 of the head; the mental barbels are all rather evenly distributed the 

 median pair slightly farther apart than either is from the outer, the 

 interorbital space is broad, elevated, and flattened; anterior nostrils 

 tu])ular and in a shallow pit. Gill openings large, the gill membrane 

 deeply notched and forming a free fold across the isthmus; isthmus 

 broad. Gill j-akers narrow, 3+7. 



Body smooth; top of the head smooth; humeral process Hnelv o-raji- 

 ular. 



Origin of dorsal, above the tip of pectoral, its spine sharp and half 

 the length of the dorsal; anal ])ase rather long; caudal truncate, its 

 edge rounded, very slightly emarginate, and with the two lobes rounded, 

 the upper slightly the longer; adipose dorsal much shorter than anal 

 and ending before tip of anal; pectoral with robust roughened spine, 

 the inner edge with large teeth, falling short of the end of the fin; 

 ventral broad, behind dorsal and reaching almost to the origin of the 

 anal. Anal papilla well developed. Lateral line well developed and 

 superior in front; head with a number of pores. 



Color l)rown, dark above, clouded with deep brown, the a])donien 

 and lower surface of the head pale or whitish. 



Total length 9^ inches. 



This description from our largest specimen taken in the Kitakami 

 River. 



This species is abundant in the streams throughout most of the islands 

 of Japan, our specimens from Tokyo,' Kinu River at Utsunomiya, 

 Tana Kiver at Tachikawa, Tsuchiura, and Kitakami River at ^Nloi-ioka. 

 It is often spitted on sticks, roasted, and sold cold in the shops and 

 eating houses. It rarely exceeds a foot in length. The Pseud oh i g ru>< 

 toMemis of Doderlein seems to ))e identical with this species, as the 

 main characters in which it was supposed to differ do not seem to he 

 tangible. 



{ci urantiaous, orange-colored . ) 



6. LEIOCASSIS Sleeker. 

 Leiocassis Bleeker, Ichthy. Archipel. Indi. Prodroin.cSiluroid, 1858, p. 139 

 (jjoecilojiterus) . 

 The upper jaw the longer; eyes below the skin; no free circular fold 

 round the orbit; no movable labial teeth; teeth on the palate in a con- 

 tinuous band; barbels 8. Dorsal short, with 7 rays, with denticulated 

 pungent spine, the teeth not projecting upward; anal short, with less 

 than 20 rays; caudal forked; ventral Avith six rays. East Indies and 

 Japan. 



(A.f?o?, smooth; Kaffffig, casiiue.) 



