K0.1342. SYNOPSIS OF THE A8TARTtD.E-DALL. 941 



species and of a dark blackish brown color. It has very generally im itod 

 with horealis, doubtless for want of a sufficient series for conii)ui-is()n. 

 It is the eorrugata and f1epre.'<moi Brown, 1827; according to Sowerby^ 

 the ojjyrinoides of Duval, 1841; the tdandica of Deshayes (MS.), iSfiT; 

 the hicfea and mUrigona of Sowerby, 1874. It is somewhat vai-ijil)le 

 in outline, but the other characters are fairly constant. 



ASTARTE BOREALIS Schumacher, 1817 



Bennett Island, Polar Sea; North Europe and th(> Baltic, Arctic 

 Atlantic, Iceland, and Greenland, and south to Massachusetts Bay. in 

 15. to 100 fathoms. Also Bering Sea and Strait, etc. 



Shell compressed, with the beaks concentrically ribbed; the rest of 

 the disk more or less smooth. This is the malmleatd of Leach, 1819; 

 the veneTtfornvix Wood, 1828; the lactea of Broderip and Sowerl)y, 

 1829. According to authors it is the vHthainl of J. Smith, 1889; and 

 producta Sowerby, 1874, is synonymous. The young luive been named 

 richardsonii by Reeve, in 1855; placenta (Morch) and rhomlokMis 

 Leche, Vega Exp., Lamellibraiichiata, 1883. 



ASTARTE ELLIPTICA Brown, 1827. 



North Europe, Arctic seas near Greenland, and south to ]VIassa- 

 chiisetts Bav, in 8 to 90 fathoms. 



An elegantly ovate subcompressed shell, with rather low beaks, the 

 upper half of the disk concentrically rippled, the lower part smooth or 

 feebh" striated. The color varies from warm 3'ellow brown through 

 chestnut to blackish. It is the ovata. of Brown, 1827, the garensis of 

 J. Smith, 1839, and the intermedia of Sowerlw, 1854. It has some- 

 times been referred' to Venus compressa Linnaeus, but this is a mere 

 hj^pothesis, incapable of verification, and should be rejected. 



ASTARTE QUADRANS Gould, 1841. 



Gulf of St, Lawrence to Long Island Sound in to 40 fathoms. 



A small, smooth, compressed, quadrate species, which has not been 

 characteristically figured. The inner surface of the shell is usually 

 white, but sometimes dark colored. A specimen of this sort was 

 named A. jyoHJandka by Dr. Mighels in 1843. I find it labeled ''A. 

 castanea variet}' nana'''' by Jeffreys. It is not a coimnon species. 



ASTARTE ACUTICOSTATA Jeffreys and Friele, 1877. 



Arctic Atlantic, in deep water, Jan Mayen and Novaia Z(>mlia. in 

 200 to 649 fathoms. 



A small quadrate species, with tine, regular, well-inaiktMl. ((.m-en- 

 tric ribbing all over the shell. 



