N0.1313. LOWER DEVONIC OF MARYLAND— SCHUCHERT. 419 



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nodular masses. In the vicinity of Cumherlaiid there arc two Stroma- 

 topora beds, fairly constant in their position, but at Keyser, West 

 Virginia, they are nearly obsolete. On the other hand, at Hyndnian, 

 Pennsjdvania, a few miles north of Cum])oi-land, specimens of Stro- 

 mato2>ora are exceedingly proliiic, and to bring out this development 

 the following section is given, based on two quarries just back of the 

 village. The strata 'ayv nearly vertical: 



^ < Partially covered slope of hill over which occur many pieces of Stroma- 



topora 30 feet. 



ITpper quarry zone 24 feet. 



Both walls of this quarry and the intermediate limestone are filled with 

 masses of Siroinatopora of two species. Here also are found Favositen, 

 Aulopora, RJn/nchosjy'tra, etc. 



C'overed area 90 feet. 



,^ Siromatopora also occurs abundantly here. 



*^ f Lower quarry zone 83 feet. 



2 The upper 10 feet of limestone have an abundance of a small form of 

 "■ { (lypUhild galealci. The lower 5 feet abound in Stromafoporn. 



Thin-bedded limestone and shales, about 30 feet. 



The fossils are those of the cystid zone of the Keyser quarries. 



5J f Nodular limestone, quarried , 50 feet. 



■^ Thin-ljedded dark lilue limestone containing Leperditia. This is the 



X transition zone to the Salina formation. 



]S\'ir Scotland and Becraft Hinestone. — The Coeymans limestone 

 passes without break into the New Scotland. In the upper 15 to 20 

 feet of the former the typical Helderbergian fauna appears, 3^et the 

 diagnostic fossil Spirlfer 'niacropleura is not found here, but above, 

 in the massive gray cherty limestone from 40 to 60 feet in thickness. 

 This limestone is ver}^ constant in occurrence throughout western 

 Maryland, and may be seen to best advantage in the Corrigausville 

 quarr}^ near Cumberland, and again at the Twentv-first Bridge of the 

 Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, near Keyser. West Virginia. 



The fossils thus far secured are those of the t^^pical area for this 

 horizon in Albany County, New York. Almost nothing new occurs 

 in ISlarjdand, but a marked difference in this fauna is the almost total 

 absence of the proliiic bryozoan development of New York. 



These heavy -bedded chert)^ limestones gradually pass upward into 

 shales, of which 20 feet are present in western Maryland. They, in 

 part at least, belong with the New Scotland, since Splrifei" macro- 

 pleui-a has here been found in the lower third. Less than 60 miles to 

 the east of Cumberland, at Cherry Run, West Virginia, the New Scot- 

 land limestone (there is no shale present) continues without break into 

 the gray arenaceous Becraft, and here may be gathered a fauna not 

 to be had about Cumberland. This occurrence shows that while the 

 Helderbergian sea was continuous east of Cumberland, west of it 

 there may have been land conditions or possibly a shallow sea in 

 which almost no deposits Avere laid down. At several localities, how- 



