I 



A REVIEW OF THE FISHES OF JAPAN HKL()\(;i\(. TO 

 THE FAMILY OF HEXAORAMMIDyF. 



B}^ David Stark Jordan iind Edwin Chapin Stauks, 



Of til e Lehnid Stanford Jtoiinr Uiilreriiiti/. 



In this paper is o-ivci a review of the tishes of tlie family of llexa- 

 grammida?, Rock Trout or Greenlings, in Japanese Ainamc. i^iK.wn t<» 

 inhabit the waters of the Japanese P^nipire. It is based on material in 

 the museum of Leland Stanford Junior Fniversity and in t\u' Fiiitcd 

 States National Museum. 



Family HEXAGRAMMID^. 



Body elongate, covered with small scales, whi(;h are ctenoid or 

 cycloid; head conical, scaly, the cranium without .spinous ridges al)ove; 

 preopercle usually more or less armed, sometimes with entire edges; 

 thii'd suborl)ital developed as a bony stay articulating w ith the pre- 

 opercle; acute teeth in the jaws, and usually on vomer or palatines; 

 nostril single on each side, the posterior opening reduced to a minute 

 pore; gills 4, a long slit l)ehind the fourth; gill membranes separate 

 or united, usually free from the isthmus; branchiostegals H or 7; 

 pseudobranchite well developed. Dorsal tin continuous or divided, 

 the anterior half of many slender spines; anal tin long, with or Avith- 

 out spines; ventrals 1 to 5, inserted more or less behind the pectorals; 

 pectorals broad, usually with procurrent base, the lower rays simple, 

 more oi- less thickened; lateral line present, sometimes several series 

 of pores developed; vertelu-a^ numerous; pyloric ca>ca. Carnivorous 

 tishes, mostly of large size, living in kelp and about rocks in the North 

 Pacific; some of them highly valued as food 



a Dorsal fins contiguous or connected. 

 fi Anal fin very long, its rays 20 or more. 

 (' Anal fin without spines. 



^/ Hkxagrammin.e: Gill membranes broadly united; mouth modcraio. ilu- 

 jaws with an outer series of stronger teeth, but no canines. 



e Lateral line single on each side - \i)ntnun,i.-<, I. 



ee Lateral lines 4 or more on each side. 

 /Dorsal fin with the spines separatcl from the soft rays by a .leep notch. 



Ifc.vdi/rdiiiniDX, 2. 



Proceedings U. S. National Museum, Vol. XXVl-No. 1348. 



UKI.) 



