wo. 1324. ELASMOBRANCHIATE FISHES— JORDAN AND FOWLER. 599 



3. HETERODONTUS Blainville. 



jyetero(Zon<«s Blainville, Nouv. Bull. Scien., 1816, p. 121 {jjliiUppi). 

 CeMracion Cuviek, Regn6 Animal, 1st ed., 1817, p. 129 {2)hUippi) . 

 Gyropleurodm Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862, p. 489 {frandsci). 

 Tropidodus Gi-Lh, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862, p. 489 [pantherinm). 



Body elongate, thick and heavy anteriorly, and the tail tapering. 

 Head thick, oblong, broad. Snout l)lantly rounded, rather long, and 

 protruding. P^^^es small, high, with the ridges above more or less 

 prominent. No nictitating membrane. Mouth rather small and 

 narrow; teeth small and obtuse in front, in the young pointed, and 

 provided with 3 to 5 cusps; the posterior teeth molar-like, twice as 

 broad as long, and arranged in oblique series, one series being formed 

 by much larger teeth than those in the other series. Spiracles small, 

 a short distance from the lower part of the e3^e. Gill-openings rather 

 narrow\ Scales small, sometimes cruciform. First dorsal opposite 

 the space between |)ectorals and ventrals; second dorsal in advance of 

 anal; pectorals very large and below gill-openings; caudal tin mod- 

 erate, more or less bent upward. Species about 5, and usually placed 

 in one genus, IFeterodoNtiis^ often called by the later name of Cestr<(cwn. 

 (hepng, differing: oSovg^ tooth.) 



3. HETERODONTUS JAPONICUS (Dumeril). 



NP:K0ZAME (CAT .SIIAKK). 



Heterodonlits pJnlipjn var. j(i])onir(i Dumekfl, Hist. Nat. Poiss., I, 1870, ]). 424; 



Japan. 

 Cextrariun japonicus Miklouuo-Maclay and Macleay, Proc. Linn. iSoc. N. S. 



Wales, VIII, p. 428, pi. xx ; Japan.— Ishikawa, Prel. Cat. , 1897, p. 61 ; Tokyo. 

 Hrt('rodonlusja])07iin(s STEixDAcirNEK, Reise Anrora, 1898, j). 224; Kobe. 

 Ileterodoiihis zehra Bleeker, Verb. Bat. Gen., XXVI, 1854, p. 127; Nagasaki 



(not of Gray). 



Head t)|; depth Oi in length; width of ])ody at pectorals 1\ in head; 

 eye 5i; snout If ; mouth about 3; interorbital space 2; width of mouth 

 If; ventrals 1\. 



Body elongate, thick, heavy, compressed anteriorly; tail rounded, 

 tapering backward. Head broader than deep, oblong, elevated above; 

 snout very blunt, flattened above, nuich longer than interorbital si)ace; 

 cheeks rounded, convex, full, swollen; eye very full, elongated hori- 

 zontally, high, and nearer gill-opening than tip of snout; snout pro- 

 trudes so that mouth is not terminal; teeth tricus])id in front, median 

 cusp largest, but posteriorly becoming molai'-like, rounded and large; 

 lips very thick, fleshy, with a deep fold at corners of moutlr. nostrils 

 large and confluent with mouth; interorbital space l)road, concave, and 

 superorbital ridges elevated on ])oth sides. Spiracles very distinct, a 

 short distance below posterior margin of eye. (xill-openings in front 



