624 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



Common in Europe and rather frequent on the coast of southern 

 Alaska, where it is \'ery destructive to the salmon, thence southward 

 to California. It has been ascril)ed to Japan by Dr. Giinther, and 

 may occur in ,Iapanese waters, but no authentic record exists, and no 

 specimens are in Japanese museums. It is unknown to naturalists afe 

 Nagasaki, but it may be looked for at the mouths of salmon rivers, as; 

 the Ishioari, in Hokkaido. 



{cornnhicu><^ from Cornwall, from which region the species was earlyt 

 described.) 



20. CARCHARODON Smith. 



MAN-EATER SHARKS. - 



Carcharodon Andrew Smith, Proc. (aeol. Soc. London, V, 1837, p. 86 {capensis—\ 

 carcharias) . 



General characters of Isnra^ and Lammt^ but with a different denti- 

 tion, the teeth being- large, flat, erect, regularly triangular, theiri 

 edges serrated; first dorsal moderate, nearly midway between pecto-j 

 rals and ventrals; second dorsal and anal very small; pectorals large,' 

 ventrals moderate; caudal peduncle rather stout; spiracles minute or 

 absent. Sharks of very large size; -the strongest and most voracious 

 of all lishes; pelagic, found in most warm seas. 



(/ca/jjt»'/Jog, jagged; oSovg^ tooth.) 



22. CARCHARODON CARCHARIAS (Linnaeus). 



MAN-EATER SHARK; GREAT WHITE SHARK. 



Lamia Rondelet, Hist. Poiss., 1558, p. 305; Nice, Marseilles (good figure). 



Sfjualm carcharias Linn^us, Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1758, p. 235; pAirope (after 

 Artedi ; not of most later authors ) . 



Carcharodon carcJiarias Jordan and Gilbert, Synopsis, 1883, p. 875. — Jordan and 

 EvERMANN, Fish. Nortli and IVIiddle Am., I, 1896, p. 50. 



CarcJiarias vn-us Agassiz, Poiss. Foss., Ill, 1836, p. 91. 



Carcharodon rondelcti Muller and Henle, Plagiostomen, 1838, j). 70; Mediter- 

 ranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean (after Rondelet) . 



Carcharodo7i rondeleti GiinTHER, Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 392. 



Carcharias atwoodi Storer, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., II, 1848, p. 71; Province- 

 town, Massachusetts. 



Carcharodon capcnsis Smith, III, Zool. S. Africa, 1842, pi. iv; Cape of Good Hope. 



Carcharodon smithi Bonaparte, Selach. Tab. Anal., 1839, p. 9 (after Smith). 



Bod}^ stout; depth about 5^ in total length; mouth very large; both 

 jaws with five rows of large, triangular, serrated teeth, those in lower 

 jaw narrower, about || in each row; flrst dorsal somewhat behind 

 pectorals; caudal fin large and strong. Color leaden gra}'; tips and 

 edges of pectoi-als ))lack. One of largest of sharks, reaching a length 

 of 30 feet. It is found in all temperate and tropical seas, and is occa- 

 sionally taken both in the Atlantic and Pacific. One caught near 

 Soquel, California, was about 30 feet long and had a voung sea lion, 



