no. 3606 ODONTODACTYLUS — MANNING 5 



Bigelow (1931) agreed that 0. latirostris and 0. hansenii were con- 

 specific but questioned the identity of 0. southwelli with 0. hansenii. 



Since 1913, the following taxa have been described: 0. mindanao- 

 ensis Roxas and Estampador, 1930, from the Philippines; 0. nigri- 

 caudatus Chace, 1942, from the Gulf of Mexico; and 0. cultrifer var. 

 tridentata Serene, 1954, from Viet Nam. 



The present study shows that only four of the 14 nominal species 

 once ascribed to this genus can be recognized as distinct species. A 

 fifth species, from Hawaii, is described as new. 



Odontodactylus now includes the following species (asterisk indicates 

 that types of the species have been examined for this study) : 



oldest name synonyms 



0. scyllarus (Linnaeus, 1758) *G. bleekeri A. Milne-Edwards, 1868 



*G. elegans Miers, 1884 

 *0. japonicus (de Haan, 1844) G. edwardsii Berthold, 1845 



*0. cultrifer (White, 1850) *G. carinifer Pocock, 1893 



0. mindanaoensis Roxas and Estam- 

 pador, 1930 

 0. cultrifer var. tridentata Serene, 1954 



*0. breviroslris (Miers, 1884) *G. havanensis Bigelow, 1893 



*G. hansenii Pocock, 1893 

 *0. latirostris Borradaile, 1907 

 O. southwelli Kemp, 1911 

 *0. nigricaudatus Chace, 1942 



*0. haivaiiensis, new species 



Kemp (1913) noted that relatively little was known about variation 

 in adults and ontogenetic changes in members of the genus. Young 

 specimens are quite different from adults and these differences have 

 been the primary reason for the multiplicity of names in the genus. 

 Original descriptions of the following species, for example, are based 

 on postlarvae or juveniles: Gonodactylus brevirostris, G. carinifer, G. 

 elegans, G. hansenii, and G. havanensis. 



In Odontodactylus the following features used in the past to diagnose 

 species, may change with age: 



1. Eye size: The cornea is relatively smaller in adults than in 

 juveniles. In O. scyllarus the CI is about 300 in specimens 25 mm 

 long, whereas in specimens over 100 mm long the CI is in excess of 

 576 and as large as 750. 



2. Raptorial claw: The swollen portion of the dactylus of the 

 claw is proportionally more inflated in adults than in juveniles; further, 

 the characteristic basal notch present on the dactylus of young speci- 

 mens disappears in adults. 



3. Sculpture of the last abdominal somite: In very young speci- 

 mens, including postlarvae and some early juveniles, the carinae of 

 the sixth abdominal somite are not fully developed. Apparently the 



