476 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. tol. 38. 



RELATIONSHIP OF THE PRESENT SPECIES TO THE OTHER SPECIES 



OF T1IK (,KM S. 



The names applied to species now considered to belong to Onchidiop- 

 sis are few, being in chronological order as follows: 



Coriocella carnea Kroyer [1847], p. 115, no. 10. 



Coriocella recondita Kroyer [1847], p. 115, no. 11. 



LameUaria gladalis M. Sars [1850], p. 185. 



Onchidiopsis groznlandica Bergh [1853], p. 346. 



Onchidiopsis reinhardi Beck. Mdrch [1868], p. 25. 



Onchidiopsis grcenlandica, var. pacifica Bergh [1887], p. 278. 



Onchidiopsis palliata Loven (unpublished, a label name, teste Pos- 

 selt [1898]). 



Of these recondita is the young of carnea; palliata and reinhardi 

 were both applied to unusually large specimens of gramlandica (rein- 

 hardi said to be over three inches long); and carnea itself is now 

 treated as a full synonym of grcenlandica. a 



This leaves only gladalis Sars, and granlandica Bergh with its var, 

 pacijica Bergh. The real status of these forms is in the highest degree 

 problematical. All are strictly boreal, and Bergh is the great author- 

 ity on them. Unfortunately his last publication on the group — in 

 his great monograph of the Marseniadse (Bergh [1887]) — while very 

 full and elaborate, does not do its author just ice. The text and plates 

 are repeatedly in disagreement, and the former has been found blind 

 by (it hers besides the present writer. Among other things, both 

 description and figures appear to show that gro2nlandica,v&r. pacifica 

 is in renin \ nearer to gladalis than it is to gro idandica, being a variant 

 in the same direction as gladalis but more extreme. But Bergh him- 

 self evidently felt great doubt, whether he was in fact dealing with 

 more than one species in all. With the growth of his work on the 

 genus, and the accumulation of more material, his species, at first 

 fairly well distinguished, have approached each other more and more, 

 till he finally relies for the discrimination of groznlandica from gladalis 

 on the fact that iii the former the shell is broader behind, the osphra- 

 (liuni black on its base, the gill leaflets of "somewhat peculiar form," 

 and the inner members of the pairs of uncinal hooks not denticulate. 

 As to this last character, which seems the best of the lot, padfica 

 (which Bergh treats as a variety of gromlandica) has the hooks more 

 strongly denticulate than gladalis itself! 



Bergh says Sars confused the two species. Friele [190L p. 68] has 

 not hesitated to unite them, though without discussion. Knipowitsch 

 [1902, pp. of'.l 363] retains them nominally separate, though COnclud- 



" Kr<">\ it'- name carnea is earlier than gra nlandica bul is a nomen nudum (Bee remarks 

 in bibliographj I and iates onlj from Bergh's habituation of ii in L853. This is also 

 the date of the more familiar granlandica Bergh, which luckily maj be retained as 

 having page priority. 



