AET. 4 SPONGES OF CALIFORNIA DE LAUBENFELS 109 



rhaphides were stylote, not oxeote as in hyle. The similarities are 

 even more remarkable, however, especially the distinctive form of 

 the acanthostyles and their peripheral localization, and the unusual 

 axial core of styles in spongin. 



Family ? (RASPAILIIDAE or EURYPONIDAE) 

 Genus CYAMON J. E. Gray 



CYAMON NEON de Laubenfels 



Cyamon neon de Laubenfei^s, 1930, p. 28. 



Holotype.—V.S.'^M. No. 21412 ; B. M. No. 29.9.30.5. 



Type locality. — Between Point Dume and Newport (near San 

 Pedro, Calif.), depth and date not stated. 



Additional material examined. — Two specimens, like the holotype, 

 collected by the University of Southern California, one (U.S.N.M. 

 No. 21384) from south of San Pedro, depth 36 meters, September 

 24, 1924; the other from Point Fermin, near San Pedro, February 

 16, 1924. 



Description. — Shape, massive. Size of largest specimen, 2 cm 

 thick, 7 cm in diameter; the other two are much smaller. Con- 

 sistency, spongy. Color in alcohol, dark brown. Oscules, not evi- 

 dent (see below under "Surface"). Pores, not evident. Surface, 

 superficially a dermal membrane; this is fleshy, detachable, about 

 15/i thick and contains very abundant cells about IS^u. diameter, hav- 

 ing conspicuous very dark granules. There are no pores visible in it, 

 it probably having contracted, thus obliterating them. Very few 

 spicules are in it, and some of those, as for instance a few short 

 (100/i) oxeas, are probably foreign. Endosomal structure, densely 

 protoplasmic. In places there are spicules in confusion ; again there 

 are definite ascending fibers of spongin containing spicules as de- 

 scribed below. Much rather coarse sand occurs throughout. Ascend- 

 ing fibers are 40/i, to 50/i, in diameter and about 150;a apart. 



Interstitial spicules, styles (fig. 65, Z>) ; size, about 15/a by more 

 than 1,700/i; these occur scattered in the flesh, usually with points per- 

 pendicular to the surface, and they project scatteringly from the 

 surface of the sponge. Coring spicules (?), styles (fig. 65, C)\ 

 size, about 35/^ by 630/x; these are to be regarded as coring spicules 

 only upon surmise, as they are quite rare, and I am not sure of 

 their exact location in the sponge, but it seems they are in the very 

 center of the spicule bundles of the fibers. Echinating spicules, 

 triacts or tetracts (fig. 65, A., B)\ size of rays, about 15jli by 60//, to 

 20/A by 120/,i. These are usually triacts, with two rays smooth and 

 lying lengthways in the fiber, the third ray distally microspined and 

 projecting from the fiber to echinate it. The ends are sometimes 



