ART. 12 



HEXACTINELLID SPONGES OKADA 



13 



The pentactinic parenchjniialia play a comparatively less im- 

 portant part in the composition of the parenchyme, as they are 

 sparse. They occur mostly in loose strands running in company with 

 the rays of hexactinic parenchymalia. They are also smooth on the 

 surface and gradually or suddenly attenuated toward the sharply 

 pointed end. 



Table 3. — Mcasineinoits of four sixcimciis of Pheronema ijiniui 



PHERONEMA SURUGENSIS, new species 



■ Two large fragments (U.S.N.M. No. 22028), very badly macerated 

 and injured, which may be two parts of a tolerably large sponge body, 

 were collected at Station 5084, nearly south by southwest of Omai- 

 zalri, Suruga Bay, at a depth of 918 fathoms. 



Spicidatlon. — The prostal marginalia protruding from the oscular 

 margin, the large and tolerabl}^ small uncinates with oblique spines, 

 and the oxypentactins, supporting the interior of the sponge body, 

 are to be considered as macroscleres. 



The prostal marginalia, which are protruded from the oscular 

 margin, are long cuspidates, straight or slightly curved, 10 mm to 20 

 mm or longer (protruding parts about 5 mm to 10 mm long), and 

 40/A thick at the center. Their distal parts, though most of them are 

 broken off, are slenderer than the proximal parts and are covered 

 with distinct spines. These spines are directed obliquely near the 

 distal end of the spicule and gradually come to project perpendicu- 

 larly to the shaft, near the base of the protruded parts of the same 

 spicule. The proximal third, which is imbedded in the body of the 

 sponge, has quite a smooth surface. The distal end is probably 

 somewhat inflated, beset laterally with a ])air of pointed spines, 

 since such cuspidates usually occur in members of this genus. The 

 proximal end is simjily sharply pointed. 



The supporting spicules of the interior are exclusively stout oxy- 

 pentactins. Their four paratangential rays are somewhat shorter 



