ABT. 4 SPONGES OP CALIFORNIA de LAUBENFELS 119 



tougher. Conditions of preservation may be the cause of this dif- 

 ference. As compared to the type of simuluns (made tj^pe species 

 of the genus Adocla Gray, 1867, p. 522), the fibers of ecbasis stand 

 out more conspicuously from the other tissues, and it has smaller 

 spicules. No comparison can be made to Pachychallna Schmidt 

 (1868, p. 8), which is little more than a name; its type species, P. 

 tiistica, is represented by no specimens, and from its very brief 

 description it may have belonged to any of many different genera. 



As for the matter of few as contrasted to many rows of spicules 

 in the fiber, while some species of Haliclona have definite tendencies 

 one way or the other, the type species regularly exhibits, within a 

 single specimen, portions that have the isodictj^al reticulation char- 

 acteristic of so-called Reniera, and portions of fiber having the many 

 rows of spicules, which supposedly determine the group Pachychallna. 



HALICLONA ENAMELA de Laubenfels 



Haliclona enamela de Laubenfels, 1930, p. 28. 



Holotype.— V.S.N M. No. 21450; B.M. No. 29.8.22.8. 



Type locality. — Laguna Beach, intertidal, collected by me. On 

 numerous other occasions I have seen sponges in the field that I 

 feel confident were of this species, but in most cases I have been 

 unable to detach specimens without injuring them excessively. The 

 species is very thin, grows on hard rocks of great irregularity of 

 surface, and is so firmly attached that utmost care is required to 

 obtain fragments large enough to work with. 



Description. — Shape, encrusting. Size, 1 to 2 mm thick, spreading 

 laterally indefinitely. Consistency, spongy. Color in life and when 

 preserved, drab. Oscules, with raised collars, diameter 1 to 1.5 mm, 

 distance apart about 1 cm. Pores, very 



minute. Surface, superficially smooth to ^ ^ 



verrucose. 



Ectosomal specialization, vague or laclv- 



i^^ xn^ 1 1 i. J. nu i.- Figure 72. — Haliclona ena- 



ing. Endosomal structure, a fibrous reticu- ,„eZa de Laubenfels, xsoo 

 lation, meshes rectangular and 75jli to 125/x 



in diameter ; the plan is very symmetrical, though numerous spicules 

 not in the fibers but strewn in confusion among them tend somewhat 

 to obscure the regularity of arrangement. Ascending fibers, 15^ to 

 25ja in diameter, cored by 6 to 8 rows of spicules ; the spongin is very 

 pale. Accessory or transverse fibers, 5ft to lOfi. in diameter, cored 

 by 1 to 2 rows of spicules. 



Principal spicules, oxeas (fig. 72) ; size, about 4/x by 120/i, 

 Remarks. — Were one to use the diagnoses affixed to the names 

 Reniera, Chalina, and Pachychalinu, placing this sponge would be 

 difficult. Thin crusting was supposedly characteristic of Rcniera, 



