ART. 4 SPONGES OF CALIFORNIA DE LAUBENFELS 121 



Holotype. — Probably in the Britisli Museum of Natural History. 



Type locality. — Europe. 



Materml exartvined. — This species is at times abundant intertidally 

 in central California; at other times rare. In the summer of 11)25 

 it was most conspicuous, a year later it was rare, in the winter of 

 1929 a few specimens were seen, late in the spring none could be 

 found. In southern California, at Laguna Beach, on March 14, 

 1926, 1 found a few little nubbins of a sponge agreeing in spiculatioii 

 and structure with cinerea and probably of the same species, but 

 brownish instead of the lavender color usually so regular on this 

 coast. 



DescHption (U.S.N.M. No. 21448; B.M. Nos. 28.11.G.1; 28.11.6.2).— 

 Shape, encrusting. Size, up to 3 cm thick, 6 cm in diameter. Con- 

 sistency, softly fragile. Color in 

 life, lavender; occasional drab speci- 

 mens are probably pathological. 

 Preserved, drab. Oscules, conspicu- 

 ous, with raised, craterlike rims; ^ ^. zr ,■ t 



' ' , ' Figure 74. — Hahciona cmera (Grant), 



diameter, 2 to 5 mm ; distance apart, x300 



usually a little more than 1 em: 



see notes under " Surface." Surface, superficially very porous, 



crowded with depressions about 200/x in diameter; all or many of 



these probably rejoresent actual pores. 



Ectosomal specialization, inconspicuous; there are traces of a 

 diaphanous, fleshy, nondetachable dermal membrane. Endosomal 

 structure, a pronounced isodictyal reticulation with a few vague 

 spicular tracts. 



Principal spicules, oxeas (fig. 74) ; size, 6/i, by 150/* to 8/x by ISO/x. 



Remarks. — In almost all parts of the world where sponges have 

 been studied are found species that lack characteristics that would 

 separate them from cinerea., so this is said to be a cosmopolitan 

 species. 



Order DICTYOCERATINA Minchin 



Family SPONGIIDAE Gray 

 Genus SPONGIA ? ? ? 



SPONGIA IDIA, new species 



Holotype.— \].^:^:^l. No. 22059; B.M. 30.10.8.2. 



Type locality. — The specimen was collected by me intertidally at 

 Point Lobos, south of Carmel, Calif., July 12, 1930. It was grow- 

 ing in a cave that was uncovered only at very low tide, and that was 

 abundantly lined with sponges. 



