RELATION TO THE FARMER 



263 



and of inferior value. This species seems to be dis- 

 tributed wherever the apple is grown. Other species 

 attack grapes in a similar manner and there are feeders 

 among the smaller caterpillars in or on almost every 

 fruit that grows. Besides feeding on or in the fruits, 

 many of them are also miners in leaves and even in 

 twigs and branches. There is, of course, a great deal of 



Fig. 120. — Codling moth and its work: a, the injury done; b, place where 

 egg was laid; c, larva; d, pupa; i, cocoon; /, g, adults. 



difference between the amount of injury caused and 

 usually a species is confined to either one kind of plant 

 or to the members of one plant family. There are a 

 few, however, that are obnoxious to a variety of crops 

 and none that occurs to me at present is much worse 

 than the corn-worm, boll-worm or tomato-worm, as it 

 is variously named. It winters, usually in the pupal 

 stage, underground, and early in the season emerges as a 

 yellowish, inconspicuous owlet moth, which during the 

 month of May in the middle states seeks a place to lay 



