88 BULLETIN 104, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



with the usual crown of spicules seen in this species. The material 

 is white and the whole corresponds very closely with the description 

 of Heron-Allen and Earland of the specimens from the Kerimba 

 Archipelago and with the material obtained by Moebius from 

 Mauritius. Tlie depth of the Atlantic station is deep compared with 

 other records. 



HALIPHYSEMA RAMULOSUM Bowerbank. 



Plate 34, fig. 1. 



Ealiphysema ramulosa Bowerbank, Monogr. British Sponges, vol. 2, 1866, p. 79; 

 vol. 3, 1874, p. 33, pi. 13, fig. 1.— Carter, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, 

 vol. 5, 1870, p. 389.— Haeckel, Jena Zeitschr., vol. 11, 1877, p. 193.— 

 Norman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 5, vol. 1, 1878, p. 275; in Bowerbank's 

 Monogr. British Sponges, vol. 4, 1882, p. 38. — H. B. Brady, Rep. Voy. 

 Challenger, Zoology, vol. 9, 1884, p. 283, pi. 27A, fig. 6.— Rhumbler, Arch. 

 Prot., vol. 3, 1903, p. 268, fig. 114 (in text). — Heron-Allen and Earland, 

 Proc. Roy. Irish Acad., vol. 31, pt. 64, 1913, p. 41; Joiirn. Roy. Micr. Soc, 

 1916, p. 40. 



Squamulina scapula "branched variety," Carter, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, 

 vol. 6, 1870, p. 345. 



Ealiphysema capitulatum Moebius, Beil. Tag. 49 Vers, deutsch. naturf . Hamburg, 

 1876, p. 115. 



Ealiphysema tumanoiviczii Moebius, Beitr. Meeresfauna Insel Mamitius, 1880, 

 p. 72, pi. 1, figs. 1-5; pi. 2, fig. 1. 



This form was originally described as follows : 



Test consisting of one or more branching tubular columns springing from an 

 .adherent base. Basal portion convex, spreading, or tubular; column straight or 

 irregularly bent, of nearly uniform diameter; branches ascending, somewhat thinner 

 than the column, the distal extremity of each swollen or subglobular. Walls thin, 

 arenaceous, beset with sponge spicules, especially near the distal extremities. 



Height, from the base to the summit of the branches, one-tenth to one-fourth inch 

 (2.5 to 6 mm.). 



Distribution. — About the British Isles this species seems to occur 

 in various locahties as follows Budleigh-Salterton, Devon, between 

 tide marks (Carter) ; Roundstone Bay, Ireland, on seaweed in shallow 

 water; Guernsey, 15 fathoms (Norman) ; Cumbrae, low water, rare 

 (Robertson) ; Clare Island region, Ireland, on Zoophytes and on roots 

 of Laminaria and South Cornwall on Laminaria roots (Heron-Allen 

 and Earland). Schmidt recorded it from material dredged by 

 Pourtales off the coast of Florida. Rhumbler records it from the 

 Kiel Canal and Moebius from Mauritius. 



The remarks under the preceding species apply equally well to 



this. 



Subfamily 4. Ammodiscinae. 



Test composed of a globular proloculum and long, undivided tube, 

 closely coiled, either planospirally or in changing planes or to form 

 a spiral test; wall of fme sand with much cement, usually of a reddish 

 or yellomsh brown. 



