BIRDS OF THE ANAMBA ISLANDS. 4" 



ever, that Pycnonotus simplex of Lesson is the white-eyed species, and 

 that consequently my Pycnonotus olivaceus cMoeodis is a synonym. 

 Lesson's original description 1 reads as follows: "Corpore supra griseo- 

 luteola, albo luteo tincto infra ; rostro corneo ; pedibus bruneis." The 

 really distinctive portion of this diagnosis is the expression "albo 

 luteo tincto infra," which could not apply to the red-eyed bird, but 

 is very well descriptive of the white-eyed species, as is at once evident 

 on comparison of both with this description. The expression "cor- 

 pore supra griseo-luteola " also agrees better with the white-eyed 

 than with the red-eyed species, for the latter is decidedly brown 

 above. 



Of Pycnonotus simplex at least three subspecies are recognizable. 

 The synonymy and geographic ranges of these are as follows : 



1. Pycnonotus simplex simplex Lesson. 



Picnonotus simplex Lesson, Rev. Zool., vol. 2, June, 1839, p. 167 (Sumatra). 

 Pycnonotus olivaceus chloeodis Oberholser, Smiths. Misc. Coll., vol. 60, No. 7, 

 October 26, 1912, p. 11 (Tapanuli Bay, northwestern Sumatra ). 



Geographic distribution. — Sumatra, Borneo, and some of the adja- 

 cent islands. 



2. Pycnonotus simplex olivaceus (Moore). 



Microtarsus olivaceus Moore, in Korsfield and Moore, Cat. Birds Mus. East Ind. 

 Co., vol. 1, 1854, p. 249 (Malacca). 



Geographic distribution. — Malay Peninsula. 



3. Pycnonotus simplex halizonus Oberholser. 



Pycnonotus olivaceus halizonus Oberholser, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 98, 1917, 

 p. 43 (Pulo Jimaja, Anamba Islands). 



Geographic distribution. — Anamba Islands. 



PYCNONOTUS BRUNNEUS ZAPOLIUS, new subspecies. 



Subspecijic characters. — Similar to Pycnonotus brunneus brum 

 from the Malay Peninsula, but larger: upper surface iarker; lower 

 parts lighter, more grayish, the dark areas less brownish, the light 

 areas more clearly yellowish, less ochraceous. 



Description.— Type, adult male, No. 170942, U.S.N.M.; Pulo 

 Siantan, September 5, 1899; Dr. W. L. Abbott. Pileum between 

 olive brown and deep olive, the darker brown edgings of the feathers 

 imparting a more or less scaly appearance when viewed in the proper 

 light; cervix, back, and scapulars deep olive with a slight olive brown 

 tinge, the (largely concealed) centers of the feathers clove brown; 

 rump and shorter upper tail-coverts dark buffy brown ; longest upper 

 tail-coverts olive brown; wings and tail somewhat olivaceous clove 

 brown, but the lesser wing-coverts of the same color as the back, 

 though slightly paler, the remaining superior wing-coverts and the 



' Rev. Zool., vol. 2, June, 1339. p 



