BIKDS OF NOKTII AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 151 



culmen as long as or longer than middle toe without claw, regularly 

 and strongly decurved from base, broadly and distinctly flattened, 

 at least for basal half; depth of maxilla at base equal to from half 

 to two-thirds the length of culmen; maxillary unguis more or less 

 broadly conical in vertical profile, more or less acute at tip, its width 

 at base of the strongly corrugated palatal surface less than its length 

 from same point; maxillary tomium more or less convex or lobed 

 posterior to the distinct sub terminal notch; mandible broadly 

 rounded beneath, not at all flattened laterally, its depth at base 

 usually equal to but sometimes a little less than its width at same 

 point and nearly to quite equal to length of gonys; the produced tip 

 rather sharp, not flattened, but deeply concave above, truncated, and 

 somewhat thickened medially; mandibular tomium more or less con- 

 vex proximally, more or less deeply concave terminally. Wing 

 moderate, pointed, the longest primaries exceeding distal secondaries 

 by more than two-fifths the length of wing. Tail more than six- 

 sevenths to more than nine-tenths as long as wing, graduated for 

 nearly to quite half its length, the rectrices rather narrow, distinctly 

 tapering distally, but with tip rounded. Tarsus decidedly longer 

 than inner anterior toe without claw. 



Plumage and coloration. — Only the orbital region and part of cere 

 unfeathercd; except in A. chloroptera and A. leucophthalma, the cere 

 naked in front of (sometimes, narrowly, all round) nostrils; in the 

 species mentioned the nostril concealed in the short prefrontal feath- 

 ering, only a portion of the anterior margin of the cere being naked. 

 General color plain green, including upper surface of remiges and 

 rectrices, which are yellowish or yellowish olive on the under surface; 

 in most species the adults with under wing-coverts red, some species 

 having the forehead also red, or red feathers on neck. 



Range. — Middle Mexico to eastern Peru, Bolivia, and Argentina; 

 also, islands of Cuba, Haiti, and Mona (near Porto Rico), Greater 

 Antilles. (About twelve species.) 



KEY TO THE SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF ARATINGA. 



a. Larger (wing 160-190 mm.). 



b. Forehead with at least a few bright red feathers (or else under wing-coverts 

 partly red). 

 c. Whole forehead and anterior part of crown red. 

 d. Under wing-coverts wholly yellowish green. (Colombia and Venezuela.) 



Aratinga wagleri (extralimital).o 



(^Conurus wagleri Gray, Gen. Birds, ii, Nov., 1845, 413, pi. 102 (no locality given); 

 List Birds Brit. Mus., Psittaci, 1859, 34 (Bogota, Colombia; Venezuela); Schlegel, 

 Mus. Pays-Bas, Psittaci, 1864, 12 (Venezuela); Finsch, Die Papag., i, 1867, 459; 

 Salvadori, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xx, 1891, 184 (Bogota, Atanques, and Medellin, 

 Colombia; Venezuela). — [Psittacara] wagleri Bonaparte, Rev. et Mag. de Zool., 1854, 

 150. — Evopsitta wagleri Bonaparte, Naumannia, 1856 (Consp. Psitt., no. 25). — 

 Conurus erythrochlorus Hartlaub, Rev. et Mag. de Zool., June, 1849, 274 (Caracas, 

 Venezuela). 



