AMERICAN RAVEN 213 



DISTRIBUTION 



Range. — Circumpolar; North America, northern Central America, 

 Europe and northern and central Asia; nonmigratory. 



The American races of the raven are found north to northern Alaska 

 (Cape Lisburne, Cape Beaufort, Meade River, and probably Demarca- 

 tion Point) ; northwestern Mackenzie (Fort Anderson and Fort 

 Pierce) ; northern Franklin (Winter Harbor, King Oscar Land, Cape 

 Sabine, and Cape Lupton) ; and northern Greenland (Polaris Bay and 

 Navy Cliff). East to eastern Greenland (Navy Cliff, Renet, Cape 

 Wynn, and Ivigtut) ; Labrador (Port Manners and Gready Island) ; 

 Newfoundland (Lewis Hills and Base Camp) ; Cape Breton Island 

 (Englishtown) ; Nova Scotia (Wolfville, Halifax, and Grand Manan) ; 

 formerly western New York (Canandaigua Lake and Ithaca) ; central 

 Pennsylvania (State College and Chesteroak) ; West Virginia (Cop- 

 pers Rock) ; southwestern Virginia (White Top Mountain) ; western 

 North Carolina (Grandfather Mountain and formerly Craggy Moun- 

 tain) ; formerly northwestern South Carolina (Caesars Head and Mount 

 Pinnacle) ; northeastern Georgia (Brasstown Dome and formerly Toc- 

 coa) ; formerly central Texas (San Angelo) ; Veracruz (Jalapa) ; cen- 

 tral Guatemala (Chanquejelve and Barrillos) ; northern Honduras (be- 

 tween Opotelma and Siguatepeque) ; and northwestern Nicaragua (San 

 Rafael del Norte). South to northwestern Nicaragua (San Rafael del 

 Norte) ; El Salvador (Volcan de San Miguel and La Reina) ; southern 

 Guatemala (Volcan de Fuego and Quezaltenango) ; southern Oaxaca 

 (Tapana) ; the Revillagigedo Islands ; and Clarion Island. West to 

 Clarion Island; Baja California (Natividad Island, Cerros Island, Guad- 

 alupe Island, and Todos Santos Island) ; California (San Clemente 

 Island, Anacapa Island, Farallon Islands, and Tuscan Buttes) ; west- 

 ern Oregon (Prospect and Cape Foulweather) ; western Washington 

 (Grays Harbor and Bellingham) ; western British Columbia (Friendly 

 Cove, Nootka Sound, and the Queen Charlotte Islands) ; and Alaska 

 (Forrester Island, Near Islands, St. Matthew Island, St, Lawrence 

 Island, and Cape Lisburne). The raven is now uncommon or rare 

 over most of its range in the United States. 



The range as outlined is for the two races that are currently recog- 

 nized as North American. The northern raven (Connis corax prin- 

 cipalis) is found across the northern part of the continent from Alaska 

 to Greenland south to the northern United States and, in the Allegheny 

 Mountains, to northern Georgia; the American raven (C. c. sinuatus) 

 is found chiefly in the West, from southern British Columbia and North 

 Dakota south to Nicaragua, formerly east to Missouri and Indiana. 



Casual records. — One was reported as seen at St. Georges, Bermuda, 



667497—46—15 



