250 Natural History of the 



Betulacece. 



Betula excelsa, Ait., (Yellow Birch). Most abundant round Lake 

 Matapedia, and in the valleys of the Rivers Marcouin 

 and Ristigouche ; generally associated with Hard 

 Maple on rich soil. 



Alnus incana, Willd., (Alder.) Everywhere bordering the streams and 

 rivers, forming dense thickets. 

 Salicacece. 



Populus tremuloides, Michx. (Common Poplar). Abundant on high 

 lands. 

 " balsamifera, Linn. (Balsam Poplar, Balm of Gilead.) Abun- 

 dant on the borders of rivers and lakes. 

 (No Willows were collected). 

 Conifer ce. 

 Pinus resinosa, Ait., (Red Pine). Abundant, but of small size, along 

 the upper part of the River Patapedia. 

 " strobus, Linn., (White Pine). Abundant everywhere. 

 Abies balsamea, Marshall, (Balsam Fir). Very abundant. 



" nigra, Poir., (Black Spruce). Principal and in many places 

 the sole tree covering the hilly country of the eastern 

 peninsula. 

 " Alba, Michx., (White or " Sea Spruce" of the Indians). The com- 

 monest tree along the coast and rivers. 

 Larix Americana, Michx., (Tamarack). Rather scarce, but occurring 



in every variety of situation throughout the district. 

 Thuja occidentalis, Linn., (White Cedar). Very abundant in the 

 vallies of all the rivers, reaching a large diameter, but 

 no great height. 

 Taxus baccata, Linn., var. Canadensis, (Ground Hemlock). Abun- 

 dant amongst trees on low ground. 

 Alismacece. 



Sagittaria variabilis, Engelm. In full flower August 15th, Metis. 

 OrchidacecB. 

 Platanthera flava, Gray. In full flower September 1st, River Risti- 

 gouche. 

 " psy codes, Gray. In full flower August 17th, West 



end of Lake Matapedia. 

 Spiranthes decipiens (?) Hooker. Coming into flower July 30th, 



Marcouin river. 

 Corallorhiza Macraei, Gray. Going to seed July 31st, Three miles 

 up the River Marcouin. 

 IridacecB. 



Iris versicolor, Linn. In full flower July 4th, Ste. Anne. 

 Sisyrinchium Bermudiana, Linn., (variety mucronatum, Gray). In 

 flower July 16th, Little St. Anne. 

 Smilacece. 

 Trillium erectum, Linn., (very large). Fruit ripe July 31st, Three 

 miles up the Marcouin river. 



